题目
July 9, 2021 · View on GitHub
给定一个单词数组和一个长度 maxWidth,重新排版单词,使其成为每行恰好有 maxWidth 个字符,且左右两端对齐的文本。
你应该使用“贪心算法”来放置给定的单词;也就是说,尽可能多地往每行中放置单词。必要时可用空格 ' ' 填充,使得每行恰好有 maxWidth 个字符。
要求尽可能均匀分配单词间的空格数量。如果某一行单词间的空格不能均匀分配,则左侧放置的空格数要多于右侧的空格数。
文本的最后一行应为左对齐,且单词之间不插入额外的空格。
说明:
单词是指由非空格字符组成的字符序列。
每个单词的长度大于 0,小于等于 maxWidth。
输入单词数组 words 至少包含一个单词。
示例 1:
输入:
words = ["This", "is", "an", "example", "of", "text", "justification."]
maxWidth = 16
输出:
[
"This is an",
"example of text",
"justification. "
]
示例 2:
输入:
words = ["What","must","be","acknowledgment","shall","be"]
maxWidth = 16
输出:
[
"What must be",
"acknowledgment ",
"shall be "
]
解释: 注意最后一行的格式应为 "shall be " 而不是 "shall be",
因为最后一行应为左对齐,而不是左右两端对齐。
第二行同样为左对齐,这是因为这行只包含一个单词。
示例 3:
输入:
words = ["Science","is","what","we","understand","well","enough","to","explain",
"to","a","computer.","Art","is","everything","else","we","do"]
maxWidth = 20
输出:
[
"Science is what we",
"understand well",
"enough to explain to",
"a computer. Art is",
"everything else we",
"do "
]
参考答案
string fillWords(vector<string>& words, int bg, int ed, int maxWidth, bool lastLine = false)
{
int wordCount = ed - bg + 1;
int spaceCount = maxWidth + 1 - wordCount; // 除去每个单词尾部空格, + 1 是最后一个单词的尾部空格的特殊处理
for (int i = bg; i <= ed; i++)
{
spaceCount -= words[i].size(); // 除去所有单词的长度
}
int spaceSuffix = 1; // 词尾空格
int spaceAvg = (wordCount == 1) ? 1 : spaceCount / (wordCount - 1); // 额外空格的平均值
int spaceExtra = (wordCount == 1) ? 0 : spaceCount % (wordCount - 1); // 额外空格的余数
string ans;
for (int i = bg; i < ed; i++)
{
ans += words[i]; // 填入单词
if (lastLine) // 特殊处理最后一行
{
fill_n(back_inserter(ans), 1, ' ');
continue;
}
fill_n(back_inserter(ans), spaceSuffix + spaceAvg + ((i - bg) < spaceExtra), ' '); // 根据计算结果补上空格
}
ans += words[ed]; // 填入最后一个单词
fill_n(back_inserter(ans), maxWidth - ans.size(), ' '); // 补上这一行最后的空格
return ans;
}
vector<string> fullJustify(vector<string>& words, int maxWidth)
{
vector<string> ans;
int cnt = 0;
int bg = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < words.size(); i++)
{
cnt += words[i].size() + 1;
if (i + 1 == words.size() || cnt + words[i + 1].size() > maxWidth)
{ // 如果是最后一个单词,或者加上下一个词就超过长度了,即可凑成一行
ans.push_back(fillWords(words, bg, i, maxWidth, i + 1 == words.size()));
bg = i + 1;
cnt = 0;
}
}
return ans;
}