Changelog

2.7.0-pre1 (not yet released)

Added

• IntervalDict.pop accepts None as default value.

2.6.2 (2026-06-14)

Changed

• Drop official support for Python 3.9 (EoL).
• Improve performance of Interval creation and union for large disjunctions of overlapping intervals.
• Improve performance of Interval.__contains__ for values.
• Improve performance of Interval.overlaps, __and__, and __contains__ for large, complex intervals when applied to small subintervals (see #107, Henry Tung).
• Improve performance of IntervalDict.update and IntervalDict constructor for hashable values (see #108).

2.6.1 (2025-05-25)

Added

• A __version__ attribute relying on importlib.metadata.
• A uv.lock lock-file for reproducible builds.

Changed

• Drop official support for Python 3.8.
• Switch from black to ruff for code style.
• Fully migrate to a pyproject.toml-based project.
• Ensure code style consistency (see selected rules in pyproject.toml).
• Extra dependencies are part of the dev dependency group (PEP 735).
• Switch from setuptools to hatchling for building portion.
• Switch from coverage to pytest-cov for test coverage.

2.6.0 (2024-10-17)

Added

• The how function of combine can access the current interval if pass_interval is set (see #97).

2.5.0 (2024-09-18)

Added

• The combine method of an IntervalDict accepts a missing parameter to fill values for non-overlapping keys (see #96).
• A recipe to combine more than two IntervalDict (see #95).

Changed

• Drop official support for Python 3.7.

2.4.2 (2023-12-06)

Fixed

• Import error when using create_api in Python 3.10+ (see #87).

2.4.1 (2023-07-19)

Fixed

• Import error when using create_api outside a REPL (see #85).

2.4.0 (2023-03-13)

Added

• An AbstractDiscreteInterval class to ease the creation of specialized discrete intervals (experimental).
• A create_api function to generate an API similar to the one of portion but configured to use a given subclass of Interval (experimental, see Specialize & customize intervals).

Changed

• Speed up repr and to_string for Interval instances (see #76, adm271828).
• Some internal changes to ease subclassing:
  • from_string and from_data accepts a klass parameter to specify which class should be used to create Interval instances (default is Interval).
  • Add a klass parameter for open, closed, openclosed, closedopen, singleton and empty (default is Interval).
  • Add a _klass class attribute in IntervalDict to specify how to create Interval instances (default is Interval).
  • IntervalDict uses self.__class__ to preserve subclasses when creating new instances.

2.3.1 (2023-01-28)

Changed

• Speed up lookups in IntervalDict for non-interval keys.
• Speed up iterate by no longer creating singleton instances under the hood.
• Drop official support for Python 3.6.

Fixed

• Infinite recursion when a subclass of an Interval is compared using > with an Interval instance (see #75).

2.3.0 (2022-08-31)

Added

• Support for Python 3.10.
• IntervalDict.as_dict has an optional atomic=False parameter that, if set to True, returns intervals that are atomic.
• Experimental support for structural pattern matching (on left, lower, upper and right).

Fixed

• (breaking) Set list(P.empty()) == [], i.e., the empty interval is a disjunction of no interval (see #72).
• (breaking) For consistency, the empty interval is never <, >, <=, nor >= when compared to another interval.
• Comparing an interval and a value is deprecated since it is ill-defined when the value is on the left of <= or >=. Convert values to singletons first.

2.2.0 (2021-09-14)

Added

• Support PEP 517.

Changed

• Some internal changes to ease subclassing Interval(see #58):
  • Use self.__class__ instead of Interval to create new instances;
  • Deprecate and move mergeable function to Interval._mergeable class method;
  • Interval.from_atomic is now a class method instead of a static method.
• Speed up lookups in IntervalDict (#65, Jeff Trull).
• Speed up removals in IntervalDict.
• Speed up intersection for non-overlapping intervals (#66, Jeff Trull).
• Speed up .overlaps and .contains for non-overlapping intervals/items.

2.1.6 (2021-04-17)

Changed

• Drop official support for Python 3.5.
• Use black as official code formatting.

Fixed

• from_stringraises a ValueError if given string cannot be parsed to an interval (#57).

2.1.5 (2021-02-28)

Fixed

• Getting items from an Interval using a slice does no longer return a list but an Interval instance.
• Intervals are properly pretty-printed by pandas (#54).

2.1.4 (2020-11-26)

Changed

• Much faster get, copy and | operations for IntervalDict.

2.1.3 (2020-09-18)

Fixed

• Empty intervals are contained in all intervals (#41).

2.1.2 (2020-09-16)

Added

• IntervalDict supports | and |=, the same way dict will do starting from Python 3.9 (#37).

Fixed

• Fix invalid simplification of 3+ intervals when a closed interval shares the lower bound of an open one (#38).
• Fix the order in which items are returned from an IntervalDict when a closed interval shares the lower bound of an open one (#39).

2.1.1 (2020-08-21)

Fixed

• Fix a regression introduced in 2.1.0 for IntervalDict (#36).

2.1.0 (2020-08-09)

Added

• IntervalDict.as_dict() to export its content to a classical Python dict.

Changed

• IntervalDict.keys(), values() and items() return view objects instead of lists.

Fixed

• IntervalDict.popitem() now returns a (key, value) pair instead of an IntervalDict.
• The documentation of IntervalDict.pop() now correctly states that the value (and not the key) is returned.

2.0.2 (2020-05-09)

Fixed

• Fix occasional StopIteration exception when checking for containment (#28).

2.0.1 (2020-03-15)

Fixed

• Fix invalid representations of non-atomic intervals composed of a singleton (#22).

2.0.0 (2020-03-06)

Added

• i.empty to check for interval emptiness.
• i.atomic to check for interval atomicity.
• An adjacent method to test whether two intervals are adjacent.
• i.__getitem__ supports slices.
• Infinities define a hash value.
• Static method Interval.from_atomic(left, lower, upper, right) to create an interval composed of a single atomic interval (replaces AtomicInterval(left, lower, upper, right)).

Changed

• (breaking) python-intervals has been renamed portion.
• (breaking) Many (optional) parameters are converted to keyword-only arguments:
  • for from_string and to_string: bound, disj, sep, left_open, left_closed, right_open, right_closed, pinf and ninf;
  • for from_data and to_data: pinf and ninf;
  • for iterate: base and reverse;
  • for Interval.replace: ignore_inf.
• (breaking) incr is replaced by step in iterate.
• (breaking) For consistency with range, the step parameter in iterate is always added even if reverse=True.
• (breaking) i.enclosure is a property and no longer a method.
• (breaking) Indexing or iterating on the atomic intervals of an Interval returns Interval instances instead of AtomicInterval ones.
• (breaking) An interval is hashable if and only if its bounds are hashable.
• Huge performance increase for creation, union, intersection, complement and difference of intervals (#21).
• CLOSED and OPEN are members of the Bound enumeration.
• Large refactoring to encapsulate AtomicInterval and all its operations in Interval.
• Restructure package in modules instead of a flat file.
• Reorganise tests in modules and classes instead of a flat file.
• Reorganise changelog with explicit categories.

Removed

• (breaking) Drop support for Python 2.7 and 3.4 since they reached end-of-life.
• (breaking) AtomicInterval is a namedtuple and is no longer part of the public API.
• (breaking) Remove i.to_atomic() (use i.enclosure instead).
• (breaking) Remove i.is_empty() (use i.empty instead).
• (breaking) Remove i.is_atomic() (use i.atomic instead).
• (breaking) CLOSED and OPEN do no longer define an implicit Boolean value. Use ~ instead of not to invert a bound.
• (breaking) Remove deprecated permissive in i.overlaps.
• (breaking) Remove adjacent in i.overlaps, use i.adjacent method instead.

Fixed

• Fix an issue where an interval can be composed of duplicated empty intervals (#19).
• Fix performance issues when intervals composed of hundreds of atomic intervals are complemented (#20)

1.10.0 (2019-09-26)

Added

• IntervalDict has a .combine method to merge its keys and values with another IntervalDict.

1.9.0 (2019-09-13)

Added

• Discrete iteration on the values of an interval with iterate.
• Map intervals to data with the dict-like IntervalDict structure.

Changed

• Faster comparisons between arbitrary values and intervals.
• Deprecate permissive in .overlaps in favour of adjacent.

Fixed

• .union when intervals share a bound, one inclusive and one exclusive (#12).
• .overlaps when intervals share a lower bound, and one interval is contained within the other one (#13).

1.8.0 (2018-12-15)

Added

• Intervals have a .left, .lower, .upper, and .right attribute that refer to its enclosure.
• Intervals have a .replace method to create new intervals based on the current one. This method accepts both values and functions.
• Intervals have an .apply method to apply a function on the underlying atomic intervals.
• Intervals can be compared with single values as well.

Changed

• P.empty() returns the same instance to save memory.
• Infinities are singleton objects.
• Set len(P.empty()) = 1 and P.empty()[0] == P.empty().to_atomic() for consistency.

1.7.0 (2018-12-06)

Added

• Import from and export to Python built-in data types (a list of 4-uples) with from_data and to_data (#6).
• Examples for arbitrary interval transformations.

1.6.0 (2018-08-29)

Added

• Support for customized infinity representation in to_string and from_string (#3).

1.5.4 (2018-07-29)

Fixed

• .overlaps (#2).

1.5.3 (2018-06-21)

Fixed

• Invalid repr for atomic singleton intervals.

1.5.2 (2018-06-15)

Fixed

• Invalid comparisons when both Interval and AtomicInterval are compared.

1.5.1 (2018-04-25)

Fixed

• #1 by making empty intervals always resolving to (P.inf, -P.inf).

1.5.0 (2018-04-17)

Added

• Interval.__init__ accepts Interval instances in addition to AtomicInterval ones.

1.4.0 (2018-04-17)

Added

• Function P.to_string to export an interval to a string, with many options to customize the representation.
• Function P.from_string to create an interval from a string, with many options to customize the parsing.

1.3.2 (2018-04-13)

Added

• Support for Python 2.7.

1.3.1 (2018-04-12)

Fixed

• More tests to cover all comparisons.
• Define __slots__ to lower memory usage, and to speed up attribute access.
• Define Interval.__rand__ (and other magic methods) to support Interval from AtomicInterval instead of having a dedicated piece of code in AtomicInterval.
• __all__ properly defined.

1.3.0 (2018-04-04)

Added

• Meaningful <= and >= comparisons for intervals.

1.2.0 (2018-04-04)

Added

• Interval supports indexing to retrieve the underlying AtomicInterval objects.

1.1.0 (2018-04-04)

Added

• Both AtomicInterval and Interval are fully comparable.
• singleton(x) to create a singleton interval [x].
• empty() to create an empty interval.
• Interval.enclosure() that returns the smallest interval that includes the current one.

Changed

• Interval simplification is in O(n) instead of O(n*m).
• AtomicInterval objects in an Interval are sorted by lower and upper bounds.

1.0.4 (2018-04-03)

Fixed

• All operations of AtomicInterval (except overlaps) accept Interval.
• Raise TypeError instead of ValueError if type is not supported (coherent with NotImplemented).

1.0.3 (2018-04-03)

• Initial release on PyPP.

1.0.0 (2018-04-03)

• Initial release.