Math

June 19, 2026 · View on GitHub

Mathematical constants, random utilities, and geometry helpers in FronkonGames.GameWork.Foundation. All types are static, no components or setup required.

Rand wraps UnityEngine.Random with gameplay-oriented helpers. MathUtils is a partial class split across angle, trigonometry, and curve files.

MathConstants

MathConstants.cs, shared float constants safer than scattering magic numbers.

Constant	Value / role
`Pi`, `PiHalf`, `Pi2`, `Tau`	Circle constants
`E`, `GoldenRatio`	Common math constants
`Deg2Rad`, `Rad2Deg`	Angle unit conversion
`OneThird`, `TwoThirds`, `OneSixth`	Fraction literals
`Epsilon`	Unity-safe epsilon (prefer over `float.Epsilon`)
`Infinity`, `NegativeInfinity`	Infinities
`NaNVector2/3/4`, `InfinityVector2/3/4`	Sentinel vectors
`EmptyRay`	Default `Ray`

using FronkonGames.GameWork.Foundation;

float radians = 90.0f * MathConstants.Deg2Rad;
bool equal = Mathf.Abs(a - b) < MathConstants.Epsilon;

Rand

Rand.cs, random numbers, directions, dice rolls, weighted picks, and probability checks.

Scalars and dice

Member	Description
`Value`	Float in `[0, 1]`
`Sign` / `Direction1D`	`+1` or `-1` at 50%
`Range(int/float min, max)`	Inclusive random range
`D4`, `D6`, `D10`, `D20`, `D100`	Tabletop-style die rolls

Vectors and orientation

Member	Description
`OnUnitCircle` / `Direction2D`	Random unit vector on XY circle
`InUnitCircle`, `InUnitSquare`	Random point in 2D unit shapes
`OnUnitSphere` / `Direction3D`	Random unit 3D direction
`InUnitSphere`, `InUnitCube`	Random point in 3D unit shapes
`Angle`	Random radians in `[0, Tau]`
`Rotation`	Uniform random `Quaternion`

Gameplay helpers

Method	Description
`PickWeighted(weights)`	Weighted index for loot tables, AI, spawns
`NextNormal(mean, stdDev)`	Normally distributed sample (Box-Muller)
`Chance(n, d)`	`true` when random in `[0, d]` ≤ `n`
`ChancePercent(%)`	Percentage-based roll (0–100)
`Lerp(a, b)`	Random interpolation for `float`, `Vector2/3`, `Color`

using FronkonGames.GameWork.Foundation;

int lootIndex = Rand.PickWeighted(new[] { 50.0f, 30.0f, 15.0f, 5.0f });

if (Rand.ChancePercent(25.0f) == true)
  ApplyCriticalHit();

Vector3 scatter = origin + Rand.OnUnitSphere * radius;
float jitter = Rand.NextNormal(mean: 100.0f, stdDev: 10.0f);

MathUtils

Partial static class across three files.

Angles, MathUtils.Angle.cs

Method	Description
`AngToDir(radian)`	Convert angle to unit `Vector2` on XY plane
`ClampAngle(angle, min, max)`	Clamp degrees with 360° wrap-around
`ClampAngleNormalized(angle, min, max)`	Normalize then clamp within a degree range

float yaw = MathUtils.ClampAngle(cameraYaw, -80.0f, 80.0f);

Vector2 aim = MathUtils.AngToDir(Rand.Angle);

Trigonometry, MathUtils.Trigonometry.cs

Thin Mathf wrappers plus reciprocal and historic trig helpers.

Standard	Extra
`Sin`, `Cos`, `Tan`	`Csc`, `Sec`, `Cot`
`Asin`, `Acos`, `Atan`, `Atan2`	`Ver`, `Cvs`, `Crd`

Curves, MathUtils.Curve.cs

Method	Description
`Bezier(start, end, t, controlPoints)`	De Casteljau evaluation for `Vector2` or `Vector3`

With no control points, behaves as linear Lerp. Used by GizmoDraw for curve visualization.

Vector3[] handles = { midPoint + Vector3.up * 2.0f };
Vector3 point = MathUtils.Bezier(start, end, t: 0.5f, handles);

Source files

File	Type
MathConstants.cs	Constants
Rand.cs	Random utilities
MathUtils.Angle.cs	`MathUtils`, angles
MathUtils.Trigonometry.cs	`MathUtils`, trig
MathUtils.Curve.cs	`MathUtils`, Bezier curves

EnumExtensions, PickRandom, PickWeighted on enums (uses Rand internally)
GizmoDraw, WireBezier / WireBezier2D curve drawing