Tuto2:File parsing .md

September 30, 2023 ยท View on GitHub

Mv, cp, wc, cat, more, less, grep commands

  1. We want to move the directory Dir4 located in letsPractice into Dir1 as a subdirectory. For this step we will use the same command move " mv " used previously in names changing.
    • if your current working directory was letspractice you can simply type:
mv Dir4 Dir1/

=> Here we specified the file then the final path

  • Or if you were in your final path, both initial and final path shoud be written;
mv ~/letsPractive/Dir4 .

or

mv ../Dir4 .

=> The . refers to your current working directory.

=> .. refers to parent directory.

  1. Rename Dir4 to tuto2. Hint: Use mv command.

  2. Copy file2 into tuto2.

    • If you are located in tuto2 directory you could type ;
cp ~/letsPractice/Dir1/file2.txt ~/letsPractice/Dir1/tuto2/

or

cp ../file2.txt .

else if you are where the file you want to copy ;

cp file2.txt tuto2/
  1. let us get some details about this file, how many lines? words? and its size ? Use use wildcards command, to see more options check the manual.
man wc
Answer 
wc file2.txt

or specifically

wc -l file.txt

wc -w file.txt

wc -c file.txt
  1. For more advanced commands, first let download Path_to_succes.txt from github: simply use wget command and link's file;
wget https://github.com/Zemzemfiras1/Mastering_Linux_Tutorials/blob/master/First%20tutorial/Path_to_success.txt

  1. How Many words and lines contains the file?

  2. To inspect the file contents, try more, less, cat commands.

    • Try man command to know what difference between those commands.
    • Read descpription section.
Commands 
more Path_to_success.txt

less Path_to_success.txt

cat Path_to_success.txt
  1. Knowing that Path_to_succes.txt contains many chapters. so instead of fetching the file and scrolling down, simply we can use grep "global regular expression print" which is a powerful command used to search for matching patterns is a file.
grep "Chapter" Path_to_success.txt
  1. How many matched patterns there is in Path_to_success.txt
Answers 
grep "success" Path_to_success.txt
  • Notice that this command print out lines containing success. So to verify lines numbers just add " -n " option;
grep -n "success" Path_to_success.txt
  • Remember that previously we used wc command to print out number of lines so lets try it ;
grep -n "success" Path_to_success.txt | wc

grep "success" Path_to_success.txt | wc

  • The symbol " | " is called piping , it means we piped the output of the first command to the input of the second command.

  • Unfortunately it does not work as we want for the reason each paragraph is considered as a line.

Check manual to know what means the option -o 
man grep
Correct command is : 
grep -o "success" Path_to_success.txt 

grep -n -o "success" Path_to_success.txt 

grep -n -o "success" Path_to_success.txt |wc

  • Note that "-o" and "wc" option is enough for the counting. we wanted to check that we can mixte options and commands.