Containers

Formats that contain assembly.

Elf is the most popular format on Linux.

bin

http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2427011/what-is-the-difference-between-elf-files-and-bin-files

Mach-O

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mach-O

MAC OS.

PE

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable_Executable

Windows .exe as of 2013.