badblocks

e2fsprogs package.

Most useful invocation:

badblocks -nvs /dev/sdb

• -n: non-destructive read-write mode. The default is non-destructive read-only.
• -s: show progress
• -v: verbose information

The output of badblocks -v can be used as the input of e2fsck -l to mark some blocks as bad and not use them.