Utils

Pure utility functions organized by concern.

Use explicit imports for clarity and better tree-shaking:

import { clamp, lerp } from '@/utils/math'
import { slugify } from '@/utils/strings'
import { fetchWithTimeout } from '@/utils/fetch'
import { generateSanityMetadata } from '@/utils/metadata'

Modules

Module	Functions
math	clamp, lerp, mapRange, truncate, modulo, roundTo, degToRad, radToDeg, distance
raf	mutate (DOM write batching)
fetch	fetchWithTimeout, fetchJSON
strings	slugify, lowerFirstChar, capitalizeFirstLetter, isEmptyArray, stripHtmlTags
metadata	generatePageMetadata, generateSanityMetadata
validation	emailSchema, phoneSchema, sanityEnvSchema, shopifyEnvSchema, hubspotEnvSchema, mailchimpEnvSchema, turnstileEnvSchema, analyticsEnvSchema, coreEnvSchema, parseFormData, zodToValidator
rate-limit	rateLimit, getClientIP, rateLimiters

Common Patterns

// Math
clamp(0, value, 100)
lerp(0, 100, 0.5) // → 50
mapRange(0, 1000, scrollY, 0, 1)

// DOM write batching (prevents layout thrashing)
await mutate(() => (element.style.transform = 'translateX(10px)'))

// Fetch with timeout
const response = await fetchWithTimeout(url, { timeout: 5000 })

// SEO
export const metadata = generatePageMetadata({ title: 'About' })

Validation (validation.ts)

Zod-based validation utilities for environment variables, form data, and shared field schemas.

Export	Description
emailSchema	Zod 4 z.email() validator
phoneSchema	E.164 phone number regex validator
sanityEnvSchema	Validates Sanity env vars
shopifyEnvSchema	Validates Shopify env vars
hubspotEnvSchema	Validates HubSpot env vars
mailchimpEnvSchema	Validates Mailchimp env vars
turnstileEnvSchema	Validates Turnstile env vars
analyticsEnvSchema	Validates Analytics env vars
coreEnvSchema	Validates core env vars (BASE_URL)
parseFormData	Parse FormData against a Zod schema, returns FormState on error
zodToValidator	Bridge Zod schemas to form hook's (string) => boolean validators

Rate Limit (rate-limit.ts)

In-memory rate limiter for server actions and API routes.

Export	Description
rateLimit	Check if request should be rate limited
getClientIP	Extract client IP from request headers
rateLimiters	Pre-configured limits: strict (5/min), standard (20/min), relaxed (60/min)