Security Audits by Informal Systems

February 27, 2026 · View on GitHub

Informal Systems apply a multi-layered, automated approach to our security audits for the blockchain ecosystem. Under the guidance of leading researchers in protocol design, verification, and testing, we leverage our formal verification techniques and tools -- including Quint specification language, Apalache model checker, or Atomkraft E2E testing tool -- to make distributed systems secure and resilient.

You may read more about our approach at the Security Services page.

Public Audit Reports

Audit date(s)ClientAudit reportAnnouncement
2026ZenrockZenrock Q1 2026 - Hush Privacy Protocol
2025AnomaAnoma Q4 2025: RISC Zero RM & EVM Protocol Adapter
2025AnomaAnoma Q2 2025: E2E Shielded Transaction & Balance Consistency
2025NeutronNeutron Q3 2025: DEX Fractional
2025NeutronNeutron/Timewave Q3 2025: Valence Protocol
2025CelestiaCelestia Q2 2025: High-Throughput Recovery Audit
2025EspressoEspresso Q1 2025: Epoch Change Protocol
2025ApexApex Q1 2025: Reactor and Skyline critical path
2025CelestiaCelestia Q2 2025: CIP 31
2025Left CurveJellyfish Merkle Tree SpecificationFinding
2025RippleXRPL EVM SidechainBlog post by Ajit Kulkarni (Ripple)
2024DYDXDYDX: Vaults
2024DYDXDYDX: Q2 Audit
2024DYDXDYDX: Q1 Audit
2023DYDXDYDX: Q4 AuditBlog Post by dYdX
2024NeutronNeutron: Dex Model
2024AnomaNamada: Governance and Public Goods Funding
2024AnomaNamada: IBC & MASP Integrations
2024AnomaNamada: Namada ABCI, Replay Protection, Fee and Gas Metering
2024AnomaNamada: MaspBlog Post by Namada
2023NeutronNeutron: Duality v0.5.0 + integration of Cosmos SDK 0.47Blog Post by Neutron
2023NeutronNeutron: Overrule + Liquidity Migration Smart Contracts
2023CelestiaCelestia: rsmt2d library
2023OsmosisOsmosis: Concentrated Liquidity module
2023DualityDuality: Dex and Incentives modules
2023SkipSkip: mev-tendermint
2023NeutronNeutron: Neutron-SDK, DAO, Wasmd, TGE contracts
2023CelestiaCelestia: Namespaced Merkle Tree
2023OsmosisOsmosis: Crosschainswaps and Swaprouter modules
2023OsmosisOsmosis: Token Transfer Analysis Testing
2023Cosmos HubInterchain Security v.1.0: Provider Chain Safety
2023AnomaAnoma Audit Partnership: Proof of Stake
2022CelestiaCelestia: Payment Module
2022OsmosisOsmosis: TWAP and GAMM modules
2022StrideStride: StakeIBC and ICACallbacks Modules
2022OsmosisOsmosis: Token Factory
2023Delphi LabsMars Protocol: Envoy module
2022AgoricAgoric: Swingset Kernel, Comms, and Userspace, Phase 3
2021EvmosEvmos: Intrarelayer, Staking, and EVM modules
2021AgoricAgoric: Swingset Kernel and Userspace, Phase 2
2021InterlayInterBTC: Parachain Modules and Vault ClientBlog Post by Gregory Hill (Interlay)
2021AgoricAgoric: Swingset Kernel and Userspace, Phase 1
2021InjectiveInjective Protocol: Protocol DesignBlog Post by Injective
2021InterlayInterBTC: Parachain
2021DYDXDYDX: Phase IIIBlog Post by dYdX
2021DYDXDYDX: Phase I & IIBlog Post by dYdX
2021IBC ProtocolIBC: Interblockchain Communication Protocol Specification and Code