Soal Tutorial

June 18, 2018 · View on GitHub

An acronym is a word formed by taking the first letters of the words in a phrase and then making a word from them. For example, RAM is an acronym for random access memory.

Write a function acronym() that takes a phrase (i.e., a string) as input and then returns the acronym for that phrase. The acronym should be all uppercase, even if the words in the phrase are not capitalized.

For examples:
```
>>> acronym('Random Access Memory')
'RAM'
>>> result = acronym('Central processing unit')
>>> result
'CPU'
>>> print(result)
CPU
```
In this function we iterate over the words of the phrase and accumulate the first letter in every word. So we need to break the phrase into a list of words and then iterate over the words in this list.

The string method split generates a list of strings by splitting the original string at certain separators such as spaces. For example:
```
>>> split_list = 'this is a test'.split()
>>> split_list
['this', 'is', 'a', 'test']
```
```
# function template
def acronym(phrase):
    .
    .
    .
    return ...
```
Test your function in IDLE.
Copy the textfile phrases.txt to your working directory. This file will be used for testing.

Construct a complete Python program which uses the function acronym() from Part 1 above for finding the acronym of each phrase in an existing text-file and write the result to a new text file. Your program prompts the user for an input file name and an output file name. Test your program on the file phrases.txt. Your program should validate the file names entered by the user. Your program should keep asking for a file name until the user gets it right.

To avoid accidentally over writing (erasing) an existing file, open a new file for writing with mode 'x' instead of 'w'. If an existing file is opened for writing with mode 'x', exception FileExistsError will be raised. Your program should handle this exception by asking for another file name. Your program should also handle exception KeyboardInterrupt.

Sample user interaction: (user's responses are in italic)

Please enter input file name: *depok.txt*
The file depok.txt doesn't exist.
Try again.

Please enter input file name: #user type Ctrl-C
Keyboard Interrupt. Input file is required.

Please enter input file name: *phrases.txt*

Please enter output file name: *phrases.txt*
The file phrases.txt already exists.
To avoid overwriting an existing file, try anoth file name.

Please enter output file name: *newFile.txt*
End of the program. Please type Enter to finish...

For example, if the input file contains:

Always And Forever
All Done Bye Bye
As far as I 
remember
Random Access Memory
Central processing unit
Keep it simple, students!

then the output file will contain:

AAF = Always And Forever
ADBB = All Done Bye Bye
AFAIR = As far as I remember
RAM = Random Access Memory
CPU = Central processing unit
KISS = Keep it simple, students!

You can follow the following program template:

def acronym(phrase):
    .
    .
    .
    return result

def main()
    # User provides both the input file and the output file name.
    # Use exceptions to validate input.
    # get file name and try to open the file
    # keep prompting user until a correct file name is given
    .
    .
    .
    # hold the screen if program is run outside IDLE
    input("End of the program. Please type Enter to finish...")

main()

Happy programming! 'Met ngoding!

L. Y. Stefanus

Taken from lab04_fprog2017.pdf (Tutorial Lab 4 DDP1 F -- 6 October 2017)