Speed Evaluation

May 22, 2025 ยท View on GitHub

Key Encapsulation Schemes

schemeimplementationkey generation [cycles]encapsulation [cycles]decapsulation [cycles]
bikel1 (10 executions)m4fAVG: 27,382,389
MIN: 27,382,366
MAX: 27,382,406
AVG: 3,363,252
MIN: 3,363,238
MAX: 3,363,291
AVG: 56,744,036
MIN: 56,744,013
MAX: 56,744,062
bikel1 (10 executions)optAVG: 76,272,765
MIN: 76,272,741
MAX: 76,272,809
AVG: 5,295,900
MIN: 5,295,877
MAX: 5,295,931
AVG: 138,514,606
MIN: 138,514,541
MAX: 138,514,711
bikel3 (10 executions)m4fAVG: 66,285,221
MIN: 66,285,184
MAX: 66,285,235
AVG: 8,441,498
MIN: 8,441,478
MAX: 8,441,521
AVG: 150,282,952
MIN: 150,282,849
MAX: 150,282,974
bikel3 (10 executions)optAVG: 248,083,316
MIN: 248,083,286
MAX: 248,083,345
AVG: 16,405,238
MIN: 16,405,236
MAX: 16,405,241
AVG: 423,262,047
MIN: 423,261,952
MAX: 423,262,086
hqc-128 (10 executions)cleanAVG: 52,705,201
MIN: 52,705,180
MAX: 52,705,224
AVG: 105,650,897
MIN: 105,650,877
MAX: 105,650,927
AVG: 159,569,179
MIN: 159,569,176
MAX: 159,569,183
hqc-192 (10 executions)cleanAVG: 161,458,617
MIN: 161,458,590
MAX: 161,458,638
AVG: 323,146,261
MIN: 323,146,250
MAX: 323,146,292
AVG: 486,156,251
MIN: 486,156,214
MAX: 486,156,266
hqc-256 (10 executions)cleanAVG: 295,934,078
MIN: 295,934,057
MAX: 295,934,104
AVG: 591,853,870
MIN: 591,853,850
MAX: 591,853,898
AVG: 891,163,005
MIN: 891,162,988
MAX: 891,163,038
ml-kem-1024 (10 executions)cleanAVG: 1,536,343
MIN: 1,535,750
MAX: 1,536,698
AVG: 1,708,071
MIN: 1,707,476
MAX: 1,708,427
AVG: 2,020,327
MIN: 2,019,721
MAX: 2,020,672
ml-kem-1024 (10 executions)m4fspeedAVG: 1,018,976
MIN: 1,014,877
MAX: 1,026,934
AVG: 1,031,565
MIN: 1,027,454
MAX: 1,039,544
AVG: 1,094,008
MIN: 1,089,897
MAX: 1,101,987
ml-kem-1024 (10 executions)m4fstackAVG: 1,020,202
MIN: 1,017,478
MAX: 1,029,553
AVG: 1,037,953
MIN: 1,035,260
MAX: 1,047,298
AVG: 1,100,982
MIN: 1,098,251
MAX: 1,110,327
ml-kem-512 (10 executions)cleanAVG: 595,793
MIN: 595,576
MAX: 595,971
AVG: 700,605
MIN: 700,383
MAX: 700,779
AVG: 888,653
MIN: 888,436
MAX: 888,831
ml-kem-512 (10 executions)m4fspeedAVG: 392,423
MIN: 392,211
MAX: 392,614
AVG: 390,881
MIN: 390,671
MAX: 391,073
AVG: 428,167
MIN: 427,955
MAX: 428,357
ml-kem-512 (10 executions)m4fstackAVG: 392,224
MIN: 391,772
MAX: 392,541
AVG: 392,864
MIN: 392,407
MAX: 393,181
AVG: 430,202
MIN: 429,745
MAX: 430,519
ml-kem-768 (10 executions)cleanAVG: 988,722
MIN: 985,880
MAX: 998,135
AVG: 1,138,225
MIN: 1,135,419
MAX: 1,147,634
AVG: 1,387,984
MIN: 1,385,144
MAX: 1,397,397
ml-kem-768 (10 executions)m4fspeedAVG: 642,096
MIN: 639,116
MAX: 651,103
AVG: 658,754
MIN: 655,785
MAX: 667,769
AVG: 707,827
MIN: 704,858
MAX: 716,842
ml-kem-768 (10 executions)m4fstackAVG: 644,195
MIN: 640,433
MAX: 652,374
AVG: 664,654
MIN: 660,893
MAX: 672,834
AVG: 714,194
MIN: 710,433
MAX: 722,374

Signature Schemes

schemeimplementationkey generation [cycles]sign [cycles]verify [cycles]
aimer128f (10 executions)m4speedAVG: 490,087
MIN: 490,087
MAX: 490,088
AVG: 28,590,420
MIN: 28,590,395
MAX: 28,590,439
AVG: 26,750,578
MIN: 26,749,771
MAX: 26,751,014
aimer128f (10 executions)m4stackAVG: 490,082
MIN: 490,082
MAX: 490,083
AVG: 46,470,710
MIN: 46,470,162
MAX: 46,471,507
AVG: 26,743,713
MIN: 26,743,128
MAX: 26,744,143
aimer128f (10 executions)mem_optAVG: 564,325
MIN: 564,324
MAX: 564,326
AVG: 46,875,341
MIN: 46,874,593
MAX: 46,876,276
AVG: 26,989,249
MIN: 26,988,505
MAX: 26,989,828
aimer128f (10 executions)refAVG: 564,323
MIN: 564,323
MAX: 564,324
AVG: 28,991,142
MIN: 28,991,115
MAX: 28,991,171
AVG: 26,994,617
MIN: 26,994,234
MAX: 26,994,927
aimer128s (10 executions)m4speedAVG: 490,085
MIN: 490,085
MAX: 490,086
AVG: 277,353,540
MIN: 277,345,110
MAX: 277,354,485
AVG: 225,136,633
MIN: 225,136,625
MAX: 225,136,640
aimer128s (10 executions)m4stackAVG: 490,088
MIN: 490,088
MAX: 490,088
AVG: 372,458,535
MIN: 372,458,327
MAX: 372,459,135
AVG: 225,134,323
MIN: 225,134,115
MAX: 225,134,367
aimer128s (10 executions)mem_optAVG: 564,323
MIN: 564,323
MAX: 564,325
AVG: 374,834,586
MIN: 374,834,473
MAX: 374,834,973
AVG: 227,230,761
MIN: 227,230,441
MAX: 227,230,833
aimer192f (10 executions)m4speedAVG: 1,192,752
MIN: 1,192,752
MAX: 1,192,753
AVG: 80,106,923
MIN: 80,106,896
MAX: 80,106,945
AVG: 75,084,294
MIN: 75,083,653
MAX: 75,085,373
aimer192f (10 executions)m4stackAVG: 1,192,753
MIN: 1,192,753
MAX: 1,192,754
AVG: 116,329,912
MIN: 116,328,844
MAX: 116,330,708
AVG: 75,138,063
MIN: 75,137,469
MAX: 75,138,892
aimer192f (10 executions)mem_optAVG: 1,397,043
MIN: 1,397,043
MAX: 1,397,043
AVG: 117,993,511
MIN: 117,991,579
MAX: 117,995,094
AVG: 76,372,135
MIN: 76,370,763
MAX: 76,373,839
aimer192f (10 executions)refAVG: 1,397,040
MIN: 1,397,040
MAX: 1,397,041
AVG: 81,884,026
MIN: 81,883,991
MAX: 81,884,035
AVG: 76,458,825
MIN: 76,456,517
MAX: 76,460,984
aimer192s (10 executions)m4speedAVG: 1,192,756
MIN: 1,192,756
MAX: 1,192,758
AVG: 763,112,898
MIN: 763,110,056
MAX: 763,113,314
AVG: 617,799,254
MIN: 617,799,226
MAX: 617,799,272
aimer192s (10 executions)m4stackAVG: 1,192,756
MIN: 1,192,756
MAX: 1,192,756
AVG: 904,630,579
MIN: 904,630,192
MAX: 904,631,379
AVG: 617,834,636
MIN: 617,834,607
MAX: 617,834,652
aimer192s (10 executions)mem_optAVG: 1,397,047
MIN: 1,397,039
MAX: 1,397,079
AVG: 916,637,185
MIN: 916,637,133
MAX: 916,637,425
AVG: 629,249,382
MIN: 629,249,345
MAX: 629,249,415
aimer256f (10 executions)m4speedAVG: 2,899,948
MIN: 2,899,948
MAX: 2,899,949
AVG: 160,891,483
MIN: 160,891,455
MAX: 160,891,501
AVG: 166,071,755
MIN: 166,068,640
MAX: 166,073,951
aimer256f (10 executions)m4stackAVG: 2,899,950
MIN: 2,899,947
MAX: 2,899,985
AVG: 228,360,437
MIN: 228,359,438
MAX: 228,362,262
AVG: 166,042,220
MIN: 166,040,702
MAX: 166,043,056
aimer256f (10 executions)mem_optAVG: 3,344,254
MIN: 3,344,250
MAX: 3,344,255
AVG: 233,973,308
MIN: 233,969,892
MAX: 233,976,707
AVG: 170,620,601
MIN: 170,617,448
MAX: 170,623,743
aimer256f (10 executions)refAVG: 3,344,258
MIN: 3,344,255
MAX: 3,344,292
AVG: 164,484,408
MIN: 164,483,962
MAX: 164,484,481
AVG: 170,648,722
MIN: 170,647,189
MAX: 170,651,027
aimer256s (10 executions)m4speedAVG: 2,899,956
MIN: 2,899,949
MAX: 2,899,989
AVG: 1,391,295,720
MIN: 1,391,289,067
MAX: 1,391,297,144
AVG: 1,321,985,344
MIN: 1,321,984,834
MAX: 1,321,985,426
aimer256s (10 executions)m4stackAVG: 2,899,950
MIN: 2,899,950
MAX: 2,899,950
AVG: 1,712,314,043
MIN: 1,712,314,001
MAX: 1,712,314,175
AVG: 1,322,034,101
MIN: 1,322,034,066
MAX: 1,322,034,132
aimer256s (10 executions)mem_optAVG: 3,344,262
MIN: 3,344,252
MAX: 3,344,293
AVG: 1,752,719,642
MIN: 1,752,719,422
MAX: 1,752,720,844
AVG: 1,361,337,862
MIN: 1,361,336,718
MAX: 1,361,338,013
cross-sha2-r-sdp-1-fast (10 executions)refAVG: 5,614,888
MIN: 5,590,276
MAX: 5,650,611
AVG: 216,566,013
MIN: 215,745,202
MAX: 217,395,250
AVG: 143,008,126
MIN: 141,803,162
MAX: 144,002,548
cross-sha2-r-sdp-3-fast (10 executions)refAVG: 8,201,340
MIN: 8,148,672
MAX: 8,208,465
AVG: 241,899,820
MIN: 241,815,860
MAX: 242,049,039
AVG: 123,896,179
MIN: 123,524,606
MAX: 124,545,760
cross-sha2-r-sdpg-1-fast (10 executions)refAVG: 2,151,163
MIN: 2,115,797
MAX: 2,174,685
AVG: 116,162,852
MIN: 116,120,174
MAX: 116,181,821
AVG: 87,741,423
MIN: 87,209,686
MAX: 88,267,494
cross-sha2-r-sdpg-1-small (10 executions)refAVG: 2,151,212
MIN: 2,115,845
MAX: 2,174,734
AVG: 391,718,680
MIN: 391,662,566
MAX: 391,774,957
AVG: 368,397,996
MIN: 367,703,173
MAX: 369,416,443
cross-sha2-r-sdpg-3-fast (10 executions)refAVG: 3,049,185
MIN: 2,996,960
MAX: 3,055,381
AVG: 136,242,875
MIN: 136,234,139
MAX: 136,299,163
AVG: 84,236,165
MIN: 83,659,318
MAX: 85,067,521
cross-sha2-r-sdpg-5-fast (10 executions)refAVG: 4,302,017
MIN: 4,249,738
MAX: 4,308,343
AVG: 221,761,047
MIN: 221,758,357
MAX: 221,762,936
AVG: 134,821,310
MIN: 134,547,992
MAX: 135,025,658
cross-sha3-r-sdp-1-fast (10 executions)refAVG: 967,965
MIN: 963,482
MAX: 978,861
AVG: 58,864,285
MIN: 58,853,041
MAX: 58,876,854
AVG: 30,641,221
MIN: 30,631,654
MAX: 30,661,122
cross-sha3-r-sdp-3-fast (10 executions)refAVG: 2,195,040
MIN: 2,191,401
MAX: 2,205,040
AVG: 90,064,203
MIN: 90,034,522
MAX: 90,080,511
AVG: 48,561,804
MIN: 48,542,657
MAX: 48,577,008
cross-sha3-r-sdpg-1-fast (10 executions)refAVG: 290,136
MIN: 287,742
MAX: 297,758
AVG: 29,963,868
MIN: 29,960,918
MAX: 29,974,902
AVG: 20,093,649
MIN: 20,078,626
MAX: 20,103,416
cross-sha3-r-sdpg-1-small (10 executions)refAVG: 290,135
MIN: 287,741
MAX: 297,757
AVG: 102,853,622
MIN: 102,847,774
MAX: 102,861,948
AVG: 75,137,510
MIN: 75,126,803
MAX: 75,159,685
cross-sha3-r-sdpg-3-fast (10 executions)refAVG: 627,948
MIN: 625,525
MAX: 637,639
AVG: 43,573,841
MIN: 43,565,461
MAX: 43,582,933
AVG: 27,513,830
MIN: 27,493,024
MAX: 27,525,746
cross-sha3-r-sdpg-5-fast (10 executions)refAVG: 1,146,280
MIN: 1,142,409
MAX: 1,153,794
AVG: 93,557,878
MIN: 93,547,167
MAX: 93,566,329
AVG: 59,948,216
MIN: 59,857,434
MAX: 60,043,852
fndsa_provisional-1024 (10 executions)m4fAVG: 308,608,613
MIN: 195,536,229
MAX: 763,483,542
AVG: 48,321,135
MIN: 48,158,227
MAX: 48,398,718
AVG: 793,856
MIN: 782,604
MAX: 799,182
fndsa_provisional-1024 (10 executions)refAVG: 274,928,016
MIN: 217,869,128
MAX: 448,029,028
AVG: 107,512,779
MIN: 107,106,716
MAX: 107,788,566
AVG: 1,461,795
MIN: 1,444,739
MAX: 1,469,817
fndsa_provisional-512 (10 executions)m4fAVG: 67,693,338
MIN: 57,825,106
MAX: 81,542,705
AVG: 22,469,685
MIN: 22,280,159
MAX: 22,594,542
AVG: 396,949
MIN: 390,368
MAX: 406,553
fndsa_provisional-512 (10 executions)refAVG: 85,699,591
MIN: 64,822,516
MAX: 132,207,505
AVG: 49,522,949
MIN: 49,325,465
MAX: 49,631,598
AVG: 731,387
MIN: 714,301
MAX: 738,870
haetae2 (100 executions)m4fAVG: 6,743,278
MIN: 1,555,292
MAX: 25,393,506
AVG: 21,993,963
MIN: 4,721,290
MAX: 86,765,689
AVG: 918,459
MIN: 918,244
MAX: 918,668
haetae2 (100 executions)refAVG: 9,363,639
MIN: 1,716,264
MAX: 41,895,014
AVG: 31,631,089
MIN: 6,247,382
MAX: 216,853,925
AVG: 1,104,080
MIN: 1,103,874
MAX: 1,104,329
haetae3 (100 executions)m4fAVG: 12,925,388
MIN: 2,752,846
MAX: 52,240,529
AVG: 30,891,994
MIN: 7,467,529
MAX: 160,522,018
AVG: 1,760,745
MIN: 1,760,408
MAX: 1,761,081
haetae3 (100 executions)refAVG: 20,247,658
MIN: 3,023,325
MAX: 101,863,701
AVG: 41,078,691
MIN: 9,771,906
MAX: 168,213,225
AVG: 1,998,105
MIN: 1,997,691
MAX: 1,998,406
haetae5 (100 executions)m4fAVG: 19,064,310
MIN: 3,530,778
MAX: 94,189,003
AVG: 44,679,058
MIN: 9,277,906
MAX: 182,948,586
AVG: 2,323,830
MIN: 2,323,454
MAX: 2,324,229
haetae5 (100 executions)refAVG: 18,169,623
MIN: 3,864,921
MAX: 64,304,046
AVG: 63,180,459
MIN: 12,011,324
MAX: 264,538,555
AVG: 2,461,679
MIN: 2,461,294
MAX: 2,462,068
hawk1024 (100 executions)refAVG: 246,017,495
MIN: 183,762,252
MAX: 662,190,563
AVG: 4,309,675
MIN: 4,309,595
MAX: 4,309,759
AVG: 2,782,441
MIN: 2,780,257
MAX: 2,784,348
hawk256 (100 executions)refAVG: 15,758,436
MIN: 11,600,791
MAX: 35,345,186
AVG: 1,042,002
MIN: 954,957
MAX: 2,294,025
AVG: 627,815
MIN: 627,480
MAX: 628,077
hawk512 (100 executions)refAVG: 53,733,289
MIN: 45,271,209
MAX: 174,603,165
AVG: 1,972,051
MIN: 1,971,984
MAX: 1,972,127
AVG: 1,293,829
MIN: 1,292,946
MAX: 1,294,494
mayo1 (10 executions)m4fAVG: 9,572,502
MIN: 9,572,487
MAX: 9,572,527
AVG: 16,860,361
MIN: 16,860,360
MAX: 16,860,362
AVG: 11,031,631
MIN: 11,031,601
MAX: 11,031,641
mayo1 (10 executions)refAVG: 14,912,311
MIN: 14,912,275
MAX: 14,912,318
AVG: 34,939,149
MIN: 34,939,148
MAX: 34,939,151
AVG: 13,972,096
MIN: 13,972,062
MAX: 13,972,103
mayo2 (10 executions)m4fAVG: 9,575,000
MIN: 9,574,978
MAX: 9,575,017
AVG: 11,006,533
MIN: 11,006,511
MAX: 11,006,551
AVG: 6,028,386
MIN: 6,028,371
MAX: 6,028,413
mayo2 (10 executions)refAVG: 17,182,073
MIN: 17,182,072
MAX: 17,182,075
AVG: 23,433,633
MIN: 23,433,613
MAX: 23,433,656
AVG: 6,809,416
MIN: 6,809,403
MAX: 6,809,447
mayo3 (10 executions)m4fAVG: 27,170,159
MIN: 27,170,149
MAX: 27,170,188
AVG: 45,517,756
MIN: 45,517,727
MAX: 45,517,768
AVG: 28,446,810
MIN: 28,446,809
MAX: 28,446,813
mayo3 (10 executions)refAVG: 42,601,482
MIN: 42,601,466
MAX: 42,601,509
AVG: 95,034,259
MIN: 95,034,238
MAX: 95,034,278
AVG: 34,019,916
MIN: 34,019,866
MAX: 34,019,966
mirith_IIIa_fast (10 executions)refAVG: 3,009,088
MIN: 3,009,084
MAX: 3,009,123
AVG: 891,195,817
MIN: 891,191,657
MAX: 891,198,221
AVG: 831,725,932
MIN: 831,697,264
MAX: 831,742,620
mirith_IIIb_fast (10 executions)refAVG: 4,565,011
MIN: 4,565,007
MAX: 4,565,046
AVG: 1,298,812,706
MIN: 1,298,810,546
MAX: 1,298,815,343
AVG: 1,214,260,655
MIN: 1,214,247,570
MAX: 1,214,277,229
mirith_Ia_fast (10 executions)refAVG: 1,303,728
MIN: 1,303,721
MAX: 1,303,764
AVG: 296,732,107
MIN: 296,728,990
MAX: 296,734,109
AVG: 276,059,526
MIN: 276,031,297
MAX: 276,080,171
mirith_Ib_fast (10 executions)refAVG: 2,514,924
MIN: 2,514,920
MAX: 2,514,964
AVG: 565,778,762
MIN: 565,776,437
MAX: 565,781,372
AVG: 528,408,968
MIN: 528,400,758
MAX: 528,415,550
mirith_Va_fast (10 executions)refAVG: 6,254,885
MIN: 6,254,885
MAX: 6,254,887
AVG: 2,373,353,150
MIN: 2,373,347,664
MAX: 2,373,358,665
AVG: 2,233,960,878
MIN: 2,233,908,923
MAX: 2,234,010,721
mirith_Vb_fast (10 executions)refAVG: 8,807,561
MIN: 8,807,538
MAX: 8,807,580
AVG: 3,406,388,587
MIN: 3,406,385,114
MAX: 3,406,391,954
AVG: 3,205,119,426
MIN: 3,205,069,724
MAX: 3,205,181,151
mirith_hypercube_IIIa_fast (10 executions)refAVG: 3,009,085
MIN: 3,009,081
MAX: 3,009,121
AVG: 323,235,292
MIN: 323,169,167
MAX: 323,309,072
AVG: 313,483,184
MIN: 313,455,293
MAX: 313,507,476
mirith_hypercube_IIIa_short (10 executions)refAVG: 3,009,092
MIN: 3,009,084
MAX: 3,009,125
AVG: 718,708,882
MIN: 718,706,940
MAX: 718,725,922
AVG: 730,959,561
MIN: 730,953,898
MAX: 730,965,347
mirith_hypercube_IIIb_fast (10 executions)refAVG: 4,565,028
MIN: 4,565,013
MAX: 4,565,053
AVG: 450,970,203
MIN: 450,912,625
MAX: 451,011,870
AVG: 441,590,516
MIN: 441,574,663
MAX: 441,613,045
mirith_hypercube_IIIb_short (10 executions)refAVG: 4,565,027
MIN: 4,565,008
MAX: 4,565,047
AVG: 845,096,869
MIN: 845,094,881
MAX: 845,114,293
AVG: 860,321,543
MIN: 860,312,205
MAX: 860,325,520
mirith_hypercube_Ia_fast (10 executions)optAVG: 995,563
MIN: 995,419
MAX: 995,752
AVG: 58,999,862
MIN: 58,972,041
MAX: 59,042,031
AVG: 53,599,779
MIN: 53,565,299
MAX: 53,623,234
mirith_hypercube_Ia_fast (10 executions)refAVG: 1,303,715
MIN: 1,303,715
MAX: 1,303,718
AVG: 116,964,064
MIN: 116,941,316
MAX: 116,990,779
AVG: 111,505,597
MIN: 111,482,197
MAX: 111,525,936
mirith_hypercube_Ia_short (10 executions)refAVG: 1,303,722
MIN: 1,303,721
MAX: 1,303,724
AVG: 370,999,431
MIN: 370,999,393
MAX: 370,999,483
AVG: 364,000,112
MIN: 363,996,085
MAX: 364,002,214
mirith_hypercube_Ib_fast (10 executions)optAVG: 1,879,815
MIN: 1,879,488
MAX: 1,880,127
AVG: 83,825,209
MIN: 83,797,728
MAX: 83,857,763
AVG: 78,145,476
MIN: 78,137,727
MAX: 78,153,192
mirith_hypercube_Ib_fast (10 executions)refAVG: 2,514,929
MIN: 2,514,917
MAX: 2,514,959
AVG: 205,510,181
MIN: 205,497,961
MAX: 205,547,801
AVG: 199,772,762
MIN: 199,769,009
MAX: 199,782,994
mirith_hypercube_Ib_short (10 executions)refAVG: 2,514,920
MIN: 2,514,920
MAX: 2,514,923
AVG: 447,351,952
MIN: 447,351,902
MAX: 447,351,992
AVG: 440,279,587
MIN: 440,278,101
MAX: 440,281,382
mirith_hypercube_Va_fast (10 executions)refAVG: 6,254,896
MIN: 6,254,886
MAX: 6,254,922
AVG: 808,070,687
MIN: 808,007,911
MAX: 808,157,180
AVG: 792,058,628
MIN: 792,006,360
MAX: 792,098,565
mirith_hypercube_Vb_fast (10 executions)refAVG: 8,807,565
MIN: 8,807,542
MAX: 8,807,583
AVG: 1,134,272,446
MIN: 1,134,201,632
MAX: 1,134,368,110
AVG: 1,117,085,816
MIN: 1,117,059,819
MAX: 1,117,104,354
ml-dsa-44 (1000 executions)cleanAVG: 1,874,405
MIN: 1,827,873
MAX: 1,914,904
AVG: 7,925,955
MIN: 3,322,507
MAX: 33,055,004
AVG: 2,063,096
MIN: 2,062,599
MAX: 2,063,590
ml-dsa-44 (1000 executions)m4fAVG: 1,426,025
MIN: 1,379,650
MAX: 1,466,529
AVG: 3,943,121
MIN: 1,812,557
MAX: 17,009,165
AVG: 1,421,623
MIN: 1,420,738
MAX: 1,422,362
ml-dsa-44 (1000 executions)m4fstackAVG: 1,799,062
MIN: 1,685,053
MAX: 1,902,006
AVG: 12,134,284
MIN: 3,901,973
MAX: 65,357,843
AVG: 3,242,333
MIN: 3,199,001
MAX: 3,279,836
ml-dsa-65 (1000 executions)cleanAVG: 3,205,533
MIN: 3,204,116
MAX: 3,206,864
AVG: 12,359,056
MIN: 5,098,254
MAX: 70,122,163
AVG: 3,377,305
MIN: 3,376,896
MAX: 3,377,714
ml-dsa-65 (1000 executions)m4fAVG: 2,516,006
MIN: 2,514,337
MAX: 2,517,453
AVG: 6,193,171
MIN: 2,918,295
MAX: 26,008,621
AVG: 2,415,944
MIN: 2,415,109
MAX: 2,416,730
ml-dsa-65 (1000 executions)m4fstackAVG: 3,412,622
MIN: 3,406,495
MAX: 3,418,945
AVG: 24,421,526
MIN: 6,735,243
MAX: 164,688,347
AVG: 5,732,397
MIN: 5,688,990
MAX: 5,783,258
ml-dsa-87 (1000 executions)cleanAVG: 5,341,863
MIN: 5,276,084
MAX: 5,406,569
AVG: 15,579,513
MIN: 7,954,385
MAX: 82,615,659
AVG: 5,610,203
MIN: 5,609,675
MAX: 5,610,695
ml-dsa-87 (1000 executions)m4fAVG: 4,275,859
MIN: 4,188,469
MAX: 4,340,256
AVG: 7,947,380
MIN: 4,880,711
MAX: 29,357,607
AVG: 4,193,104
MIN: 4,191,862
MAX: 4,194,249
ml-dsa-87 (1000 executions)m4fstackAVG: 5,820,537
MIN: 5,484,663
MAX: 6,113,363
AVG: 33,357,899
MIN: 11,168,408
MAX: 170,850,278
AVG: 9,911,514
MIN: 9,852,116
MAX: 9,969,829
mqom_cat1_gf251_fast (10 executions)refAVG: 7,780,082
MIN: 7,761,398
MAX: 7,795,766
AVG: 149,063,790
MIN: 149,045,955
MAX: 149,079,787
AVG: 136,742,778
MIN: 136,613,266
MAX: 136,821,602
mqom_cat1_gf31_fast (10 executions)refAVG: 8,472,628
MIN: 8,471,619
MAX: 8,473,585
AVG: 243,796,920
MIN: 243,782,136
MAX: 243,811,088
AVG: 244,346,110
MIN: 244,239,828
MAX: 244,424,317
ov-Ip (10 executions)m4fAVG: 139,271,467
MIN: 139,271,458
MAX: 139,271,493
AVG: 2,505,317
MIN: 2,505,311
MAX: 2,505,345
AVG: 996,456
MIN: 986,007
MAX: 997,662
ov-Ip (10 executions)refAVG: 351,626,040
MIN: 351,626,005
MAX: 351,626,063
AVG: 6,488,435
MIN: 6,488,421
MAX: 6,488,456
AVG: 1,413,310
MIN: 1,413,307
MAX: 1,413,342
ov-Ip-pkc (10 executions)m4fspeedAVG: 175,478,881
MIN: 175,478,862
MAX: 175,478,911
AVG: 2,527,865
MIN: 2,527,858
MAX: 2,527,896
AVG: 11,215,424
MIN: 11,205,795
MAX: 11,218,217
ov-Ip-pkc (10 executions)m4fstackAVG: 175,478,881
MIN: 175,478,860
MAX: 175,478,903
AVG: 2,773,500
MIN: 2,527,858
MAX: 4,984,285
AVG: 12,061,774
MIN: 12,042,070
MAX: 12,064,226
ov-Ip-pkc (10 executions)refAVG: 375,763,094
MIN: 375,763,057
MAX: 375,763,124
AVG: 6,928,079
MIN: 6,928,071
MAX: 6,928,111
AVG: 11,584,175
MIN: 11,584,145
MAX: 11,584,182
ov-Ip-pkc-skc (10 executions)m4fspeedAVG: 175,478,965
MIN: 175,478,948
MAX: 175,478,990
AVG: 89,263,175
MIN: 89,263,170
MAX: 89,263,214
AVG: 12,003,597
MIN: 11,986,733
MAX: 12,006,562
ov-Ip-pkc-skc (10 executions)m4fstackAVG: 175,478,966
MIN: 175,478,947
MAX: 175,478,991
AVG: 89,263,173
MIN: 89,263,168
MAX: 89,263,204
AVG: 12,058,243
MIN: 12,038,372
MAX: 12,064,225
ov-Ip-pkc-skc (10 executions)refAVG: 375,763,142
MIN: 375,763,127
MAX: 375,763,170
AVG: 242,044,572
MIN: 242,044,549
MAX: 242,044,595
AVG: 12,436,704
MIN: 12,436,679
MAX: 12,436,717
perk-128-fast-3 (10 executions)m4AVG: 644,470
MIN: 636,635
MAX: 647,939
AVG: 246,017,426
MIN: 243,005,413
MAX: 253,780,360
AVG: 81,024,701
MIN: 80,816,007
MAX: 81,395,570
perk-128-fast-3 (10 executions)refAVG: 708,498
MIN: 693,335
MAX: 746,765
AVG: 217,731,020
MIN: 217,373,834
MAX: 218,266,235
AVG: 96,392,553
MIN: 96,066,645
MAX: 96,887,038
perk-128-fast-5 (10 executions)m4AVG: 817,180
MIN: 816,960
MAX: 817,404
AVG: 237,884,869
MIN: 230,003,551
MAX: 244,535,683
AVG: 78,109,386
MIN: 77,698,543
MAX: 78,417,783
perk-128-fast-5 (10 executions)refAVG: 909,135
MIN: 909,079
MAX: 909,199
AVG: 215,652,606
MIN: 215,184,285
MAX: 216,332,885
AVG: 94,148,220
MIN: 93,538,371
MAX: 95,135,325
perk-128-short-3 (10 executions)m4AVG: 642,276
MIN: 636,688
MAX: 647,881
AVG: 1,346,726,173
MIN: 1,331,302,188
MAX: 1,370,409,684
AVG: 460,140,305
MIN: 459,600,932
MAX: 460,823,613
perk-128-short-5 (10 executions)m4AVG: 817,086
MIN: 816,914
MAX: 817,352
AVG: 1,249,408,455
MIN: 1,222,079,503
MAX: 1,287,162,277
AVG: 428,017,047
MIN: 427,222,001
MAX: 428,959,908
perk-192-fast-3 (10 executions)m4AVG: 1,490,893
MIN: 1,490,614
MAX: 1,491,170
AVG: 578,039,864
MIN: 570,936,301
MAX: 583,232,703
AVG: 194,443,607
MIN: 194,020,947
MAX: 194,812,016
perk-192-fast-5 (10 executions)m4AVG: 1,803,700
MIN: 1,803,353
MAX: 1,804,063
AVG: 560,779,599
MIN: 551,003,314
MAX: 567,090,598
AVG: 186,978,273
MIN: 185,781,347
MAX: 187,997,766
perk-192-short-3 (10 executions)m4AVG: 1,490,931
MIN: 1,490,700
MAX: 1,491,237
AVG: 3,287,248,058
MIN: 3,215,163,085
MAX: 3,367,875,518
AVG: 1,177,626,072
MIN: 1,173,662,370
MAX: 1,180,161,689
perk-192-short-5 (10 executions)m4AVG: 1,803,810
MIN: 1,803,582
MAX: 1,804,114
AVG: 3,055,640,781
MIN: 3,012,300,361
MAX: 3,097,923,832
AVG: 1,098,102,537
MIN: 1,091,885,810
MAX: 1,100,922,095
perk-256-fast-3 (10 executions)m4AVG: 2,579,417
MIN: 2,579,240
MAX: 2,579,552
AVG: 1,180,042,672
MIN: 1,167,250,030
MAX: 1,195,968,610
AVG: 418,170,893
MIN: 415,658,694
MAX: 420,627,465
perk-256-fast-5 (10 executions)m4AVG: 3,067,494
MIN: 3,051,317
MAX: 3,122,708
AVG: 1,132,865,549
MIN: 1,118,062,283
MAX: 1,145,937,660
AVG: 398,350,119
MIN: 396,811,115
MAX: 400,676,954
perk-256-short-3 (10 executions)m4AVG: 2,585,286
MIN: 2,579,142
MAX: 2,638,281
AVG: 6,776,856,645
MIN: 6,661,520,383
MAX: 6,897,544,501
AVG: 2,642,609,592
MIN: 2,640,236,102
MAX: 2,645,143,628
perk-256-short-5 (10 executions)m4AVG: 3,079,789
MIN: 3,052,513
MAX: 3,184,058
AVG: 6,207,736,113
MIN: 6,128,500,846
MAX: 6,330,487,968
AVG: 2,452,601,903
MIN: 2,442,259,899
MAX: 2,460,272,362
snova-24-5-16-4-esk (10 executions)refAVG: 24,840,838
MIN: 24,840,391
MAX: 24,841,191
AVG: 139,251,354
MIN: 139,235,721
MAX: 139,274,512
AVG: 88,454,046
MIN: 88,453,528
MAX: 88,454,429
snova-24-5-16-4-ssk (10 executions)refAVG: 24,772,323
MIN: 24,771,821
MAX: 24,772,994
AVG: 174,094,748
MIN: 160,180,156
MAX: 299,202,162
AVG: 88,453,756
MIN: 88,453,293
MAX: 88,454,408
snova-25-8-16-3-esk (10 executions)refAVG: 35,280,792
MIN: 35,280,693
MAX: 35,280,867
AVG: 71,674,196
MIN: 65,171,606
MAX: 130,098,735
AVG: 42,542,485
MIN: 42,542,403
MAX: 42,542,553
snova-25-8-16-3-ssk (10 executions)refAVG: 35,195,324
MIN: 35,195,216
MAX: 35,195,579
AVG: 112,654,217
MIN: 93,165,980
MAX: 158,103,540
AVG: 42,542,507
MIN: 42,542,396
MAX: 42,542,732
snova-28-17-16-2-esk (10 executions)refAVG: 51,177,590
MIN: 51,177,548
MAX: 51,177,647
AVG: 23,387,139
MIN: 21,270,788
MAX: 42,311,786
AVG: 19,180,389
MIN: 19,180,360
MAX: 19,180,440
snova-28-17-16-2-ssk (10 executions)refAVG: 51,065,038
MIN: 51,064,999
MAX: 51,065,086
AVG: 52,865,514
MIN: 50,757,388
MAX: 71,788,606
AVG: 19,180,379
MIN: 19,180,357
MAX: 19,180,425
snova-37-8-16-4-ssk (10 executions)refAVG: 122,023,801
MIN: 122,023,399
MAX: 122,024,216
AVG: 533,063,912
MIN: 533,033,960
MAX: 533,090,127
AVG: 335,806,349
MIN: 335,805,890
MAX: 335,806,820
sphincs-sha2-128f-simple (10 executions)cleanAVG: 15,742,990
MIN: 15,742,958
MAX: 15,742,996
AVG: 368,575,228
MIN: 368,575,193
MAX: 368,575,246
AVG: 21,923,628
MIN: 21,369,867
MAX: 22,456,717
sphincs-sha2-128s-simple (10 executions)cleanAVG: 1,007,731,522
MIN: 1,007,731,504
MAX: 1,007,731,551
AVG: 7,657,558,168
MIN: 7,657,558,117
MAX: 7,657,558,212
AVG: 7,471,794
MIN: 7,228,491
MAX: 7,797,915
sphincs-sha2-192f-simple (10 executions)cleanAVG: 23,570,224
MIN: 23,570,214
MAX: 23,570,257
AVG: 666,398,438
MIN: 666,398,401
MAX: 666,398,468
AVG: 35,457,937
MIN: 35,087,854
MAX: 35,973,969
sphincs-sha2-192s-simple (10 executions)cleanAVG: 1,509,654,951
MIN: 1,509,654,914
MAX: 1,509,654,968
AVG: 15,452,089,990
MIN: 15,452,089,934
MAX: 15,452,090,071
AVG: 13,494,855
MIN: 12,947,211
MAX: 14,303,224
sphincs-sha2-256f-simple (10 executions)cleanAVG: 62,583,556
MIN: 62,583,533
MAX: 62,583,577
AVG: 1,377,768,608
MIN: 1,377,768,561
MAX: 1,377,768,713
AVG: 37,302,611
MIN: 36,599,268
MAX: 38,058,007
sphincs-sha2-256s-simple (10 executions)cleanAVG: 1,001,040,810
MIN: 1,001,040,779
MAX: 1,001,040,845
AVG: 14,326,202,444
MIN: 14,326,202,404
MAX: 14,326,202,506
AVG: 19,637,153
MIN: 18,985,943
MAX: 20,132,079
sphincs-shake-128f-simple (10 executions)cleanAVG: 50,505,025
MIN: 50,505,022
MAX: 50,505,030
AVG: 1,182,422,563
MIN: 1,182,422,491
MAX: 1,182,422,621
AVG: 70,501,834
MIN: 68,595,319
MAX: 71,605,565
sphincs-shake-128s-simple (10 executions)cleanAVG: 3,231,401,965
MIN: 3,231,401,936
MAX: 3,231,402,005
AVG: 24,553,696,412
MIN: 24,553,696,311
MAX: 24,553,696,516
AVG: 24,366,771
MIN: 22,962,144
MAX: 25,470,425
sphincs-shake-192f-simple (10 executions)cleanAVG: 74,890,591
MIN: 74,890,566
MAX: 74,890,617
AVG: 1,937,690,056
MIN: 1,937,690,000
MAX: 1,937,690,169
AVG: 103,305,801
MIN: 101,234,011
MAX: 104,969,964
sphincs-shake-192s-simple (10 executions)cleanAVG: 4,793,551,013
MIN: 4,793,550,980
MAX: 4,793,551,045
AVG: 43,114,327,277
MIN: 43,114,327,182
MAX: 43,114,327,407
AVG: 35,026,412
MIN: 33,413,152
MAX: 36,300,013
sphincs-shake-256f-simple (10 executions)cleanAVG: 200,110,912
MIN: 200,110,878
MAX: 200,110,926
AVG: 4,026,533,198
MIN: 4,026,533,128
MAX: 4,026,533,250
AVG: 108,394,619
MIN: 106,138,946
MAX: 111,648,895
sphincs-shake-256s-simple (10 executions)cleanAVG: 3,201,898,694
MIN: 3,201,898,656
MAX: 3,201,898,741
AVG: 38,175,697,620
MIN: 38,175,697,525
MAX: 38,175,697,766
AVG: 52,912,174
MIN: 51,224,772
MAX: 53,979,746

Memory Evaluation

Key Encapsulation Schemes

SchemeImplementationKey Generation [bytes]Encapsulation [bytes]Decapsulation [bytes]
bikel1m4f43,97632,19291,372
bikel1opt35,74825,83678,540
bikel3m4f85,74462,944175,128
bikel3opt69,44450,556155,388
hqc-128clean33,64451,42855,892
hqc-192clean65,668101,636110,660
hqc-256clean103,756161,508175,972
ml-kem-1024clean15,12818,77620,352
ml-kem-1024m4fspeed6,4367,5007,484
ml-kem-1024m4fstack3,3323,3723,356
ml-kem-512clean6,1528,7849,560
ml-kem-512m4fspeed4,3725,4365,412
ml-kem-512m4fstack2,3002,3482,332
ml-kem-768clean10,24813,38414,480
ml-kem-768m4fspeed5,3966,4686,452
ml-kem-768m4fstack2,8202,8602,844

Signature Schemes

SchemeImplementationKey Generation [bytes]Sign [bytes]Verify [bytes]
aimer128fm4speed8,720123,37615,448
aimer128fm4stack8,72013,86415,440
aimer128fmem_opt8,72813,86415,440
aimer128fref8,728123,37615,448
aimer128sm4speed8,720166,20434,624
aimer128sm4stack8,72027,32434,624
aimer128smem_opt8,72827,32434,624
aimer192fm4speed19,184273,10431,608
aimer192fm4stack19,18429,97631,608
aimer192fmem_opt19,19229,97631,608
aimer192fref19,192273,10431,608
aimer192sm4speed19,184349,78860,384
aimer192sm4stack19,18443,22060,384
aimer192smem_opt19,19243,22060,384
aimer256fm4speed50,032573,17678,608
aimer256fm4stack50,03277,05678,568
aimer256fmem_opt50,04077,16478,568
aimer256fref50,040573,28478,716
aimer256sm4speed50,032615,856116,936
aimer256sm4stack50,03276,032116,936
aimer256smem_opt50,04076,140117,044
cross-sha2-r-sdp-1-fastref5,200218,304105,604
cross-sha2-r-sdp-3-fastref9,920324,764158,132
cross-sha2-r-sdpg-1-fastref2,760130,82469,536
cross-sha2-r-sdpg-1-smallref2,760466,288245,480
cross-sha2-r-sdpg-3-fastref4,536205,148108,452
cross-sha2-r-sdpg-5-fastref7,408398,612213,684
cross-sha3-r-sdp-1-fastref4,672218,400105,576
cross-sha3-r-sdp-3-fastref9,336324,688157,792
cross-sha3-r-sdpg-1-fastref2,328130,92869,560
cross-sha3-r-sdpg-1-smallref2,328466,400245,512
cross-sha3-r-sdpg-3-fastref4,032205,080108,236
cross-sha3-r-sdpg-5-fastref6,824398,600213,436
fndsa_provisional-1024m4f27,77281,9925,024
fndsa_provisional-1024ref27,67682,2765,308
fndsa_provisional-512m4f14,34841,9522,976
fndsa_provisional-512ref14,38042,1243,260
haetae2m4f19,75655,56823,296
haetae2ref26,09254,44429,696
haetae3m4f29,59683,42031,784
haetae3ref43,49280,42848,424
haetae5m4f34,084103,96437,300
haetae5ref54,868100,22862,024
hawk1024ref27,9727,98011,468
hawk256ref7,9003,3203,712
hawk512ref14,5804,8566,272
mayo1m4f179,276251,204253,484
mayo1ref154,220197,268214,756
mayo2m4f169,548168,700159,500
mayo2ref118,204122,252152,732
mayo3m4f499,508592,012583,212
mayo3ref401,500487,596515,860
mirith_IIIa_fastref21,832266,48046,156
mirith_IIIb_fastref32,872298,20859,172
mirith_Ia_fastref10,208122,42422,836
mirith_Ib_fastref19,064151,01633,764
mirith_Va_fastref45,000484,46485,252
mirith_Vb_fastref62,864535,176106,004
mirith_hypercube_IIIa_fastref21,832167,02442,692
mirith_hypercube_IIIa_shortref21,832486,44856,596
mirith_hypercube_IIIb_fastref32,872189,52055,244
mirith_hypercube_IIIb_shortref32,872509,05668,632
mirith_hypercube_Ia_fastopt10,21676,94420,864
mirith_hypercube_Ia_fastref10,20876,94420,864
mirith_hypercube_Ia_shortref10,208217,62431,212
mirith_hypercube_Ib_fastopt19,07296,92831,316
mirith_hypercube_Ib_fastref19,06496,92831,316
mirith_hypercube_Ib_shortref19,064237,40841,220
mirith_hypercube_Va_fastref45,000308,44081,056
mirith_hypercube_Vb_fastref62,864344,832101,220
ml-dsa-44clean38,30451,97636,308
ml-dsa-44m4f38,29644,8168,912
ml-dsa-44m4fstack4,4085,0802,712
ml-dsa-65clean60,83279,62457,736
ml-dsa-65m4f60,82468,8729,888
ml-dsa-65m4fstack4,4086,6162,712
ml-dsa-87clean97,696122,74092,948
ml-dsa-87m4f97,688107,89212,060
ml-dsa-87m4fstack4,4088,1442,720
mqom_cat1_gf251_fastref184,356399,396252,684
mqom_cat1_gf31_fastref262,888612,816421,596
ov-Ipm4f18,6765,1922,520
ov-Ipref18,73212,7125,492
ov-Ip-pkcm4fspeed145,2365,192280,952
ov-Ip-pkcm4fstack145,2365,1926,556
ov-Ip-pkcref18,73212,712283,860
ov-Ip-pkc-skcm4fspeed383,148243,104281,036
ov-Ip-pkc-skcm4fstack383,148243,1046,556
ov-Ip-pkc-skcref256,644256,596283,860
perk-128-fast-3m47,69624,02020,684
perk-128-fast-3ref7,728313,412313,284
perk-128-fast-5m49,03225,16021,752
perk-128-fast-5ref9,032305,688305,480
perk-128-short-3m47,69627,78025,228
perk-128-short-5m49,03228,61626,056
perk-192-fast-3m414,95247,72041,352
perk-192-fast-5m416,86448,77642,416
perk-192-short-3m414,95251,34446,656
perk-192-short-5m416,86451,88847,256
perk-256-fast-3m425,50480,30469,912
perk-256-fast-5m428,06480,89670,640
perk-256-short-3m425,50482,26474,784
perk-256-short-5m428,06482,05674,808
snova-24-5-16-4-eskref169,00889,984118,152
snova-24-5-16-4-sskref169,008169,104118,152
snova-25-8-16-3-eskref190,69687,400122,656
snova-25-8-16-3-sskref190,696190,836122,656
snova-28-17-16-2-eskref309,216127,232199,684
snova-28-17-16-2-sskref309,216309,356199,684
snova-37-8-16-4-sskref640,324640,428411,516
sphincs-sha2-128f-simpleclean2,8562,4682,664
sphincs-sha2-128s-simpleclean3,0842,5561,968
sphincs-sha2-192f-simpleclean5,4684,4044,356
sphincs-sha2-192s-simpleclean5,7964,5403,700
sphincs-sha2-256f-simpleclean8,4606,4125,980
sphincs-sha2-256s-simpleclean8,7566,5405,580
sphincs-shake-128f-simpleclean2,7602,3722,568
sphincs-shake-128s-simpleclean2,9882,4601,872
sphincs-shake-192f-simpleclean4,9283,8603,816
sphincs-shake-192s-simpleclean5,2523,9963,160
sphincs-shake-256f-simpleclean7,9285,8765,448
sphincs-shake-256s-simpleclean8,2206,0045,048

Hashing Evaluation

Key Encapsulation Schemes

SchemeImplementationKey Generation [%]Encapsulation [%]Decapsulation [%]
bikel1m4f0.2%15.9%0.9%
bikel1opt0.1%10.1%0.4%
bikel3m4f0.1%12.2%0.7%
bikel3opt0.0%6.3%0.2%
hqc-128clean0.4%0.8%0.5%
hqc-192clean0.3%0.5%0.3%
hqc-256clean0.2%0.4%0.3%
ml-kem-1024clean50.0%45.7%38.6%
ml-kem-1024m4fspeed75.3%75.5%71.2%
ml-kem-1024m4fstack75.1%74.9%70.7%
ml-kem-512clean49.8%41.1%32.5%
ml-kem-512m4fspeed75.5%73.5%67.1%
ml-kem-512m4fstack75.6%73.2%66.9%
ml-kem-768clean48.5%43.2%35.4%
ml-kem-768m4fspeed74.5%74.4%69.2%
ml-kem-768m4fstack74.4%73.9%68.7%

Signature Schemes

SchemeImplementationKey Generation [%]Sign [%]Verify [%]
aimer128fm4speed57.9%49.5%50.1%
aimer128fm4stack57.9%66.6%50.1%
aimer128fmem_opt50.6%66.1%49.6%
aimer128fref50.6%48.8%49.6%
aimer128sm4speed57.9%43.2%50.7%
aimer128sm4stack57.9%68.3%50.7%
aimer128smem_opt50.6%67.9%50.2%
aimer192fm4speed62.3%40.7%41.2%
aimer192fm4stack62.3%57.2%41.2%
aimer192fmem_opt53.5%56.4%40.5%
aimer192fref53.5%39.8%40.5%
aimer192sm4speed62.3%43.4%41.7%
aimer192sm4stack62.3%58.9%41.7%
aimer192smem_opt53.5%58.1%40.9%
aimer256fm4speed67.7%28.6%27.8%
aimer256fm4stack67.7%41.5%27.8%
aimer256fmem_opt58.9%40.6%27.0%
aimer256fref58.9%28.0%27.0%
aimer256sm4speed67.7%32.2%28.0%
aimer256sm4stack67.7%43.3%28.0%
aimer256smem_opt58.9%42.4%27.2%
cross-sha2-r-sdp-1-fastref90.2%86.3%91.0%
cross-sha2-r-sdp-3-fastref86.5%79.8%81.7%
cross-sha2-r-sdpg-1-fastref92.9%90.9%92.1%
cross-sha2-r-sdpg-1-smallref92.9%90.6%92.9%
cross-sha2-r-sdpg-3-fastref90.5%87.2%86.9%
cross-sha2-r-sdpg-5-fastref88.0%83.0%82.4%
cross-sha3-r-sdp-1-fastref67.1%61.2%72.0%
cross-sha3-r-sdp-3-fastref67.7%57.5%62.4%
cross-sha3-r-sdpg-1-fastref71.8%74.8%77.1%
cross-sha3-r-sdpg-1-smallref71.8%74.7%78.4%
cross-sha3-r-sdpg-3-fastref71.7%68.2%68.7%
cross-sha3-r-sdpg-5-fastref71.1%66.1%66.8%
fndsa_provisional-1024m4f7.0%10.2%61.6%
fndsa_provisional-1024ref8.0%6.2%45.3%
fndsa_provisional-512m4f4.2%11.2%64.0%
fndsa_provisional-512ref8.1%6.9%47.6%
haetae2m4f12.4%56.7%54.1%
haetae2ref10.6%42.4%45.1%
haetae3m4f14.6%56.6%57.1%
haetae3ref14.4%42.4%50.3%
haetae5m4f15.7%56.6%57.5%
haetae5ref15.7%42.8%54.3%
hawk1024ref1.7%49.3%8.3%
hawk256ref32.8%54.6%10.7%
hawk512ref2.6%48.7%8.6%
mayo1m4f67.5%38.8%58.5%
mayo1ref43.3%18.7%46.2%
mayo2m4f47.7%42.0%75.2%
mayo2ref26.6%19.7%66.6%
mayo3m4f61.9%37.1%59.0%
mayo3ref39.5%16.5%45.9%
mirith_IIIa_fastref64.3%6.7%6.5%
mirith_IIIb_fastref64.5%4.7%4.6%
mirith_Ia_fastref61.4%10.1%9.7%
mirith_Ib_fastref61.2%6.6%6.4%
mirith_Va_fastref64.8%4.3%4.4%
mirith_Vb_fastref64.5%3.1%3.2%
mirith_hypercube_IIIa_fastref64.3%18.7%17.1%
mirith_hypercube_IIIa_shortref64.3%54.7%56.1%
mirith_hypercube_IIIb_fastref64.5%13.7%12.4%
mirith_hypercube_IIIb_shortref64.5%47.3%48.4%
mirith_hypercube_Ia_fastopt78.1%51.5%49.1%
mirith_hypercube_Ia_fastref61.4%26.7%24.3%
mirith_hypercube_Ia_shortref61.4%66.7%67.1%
mirith_hypercube_Ib_fastopt79.5%44.8%42.3%
mirith_hypercube_Ib_fastref61.2%18.7%17.0%
mirith_hypercube_Ib_shortref61.2%56.6%56.8%
mirith_hypercube_Va_fastref64.8%13.4%12.3%
mirith_hypercube_Vb_fastref64.5%11.0%10.1%
ml-dsa-44clean61.0%31.0%52.9%
ml-dsa-44m4f79.9%60.6%76.6%
ml-dsa-44m4fstack74.9%54.8%40.8%
ml-dsa-65clean64.7%31.2%56.8%
ml-dsa-65m4f82.3%60.6%79.2%
ml-dsa-65m4fstack77.1%54.2%41.0%
ml-dsa-87clean67.0%35.9%61.1%
ml-dsa-87m4f83.5%65.3%81.6%
ml-dsa-87m4fstack76.1%54.0%42.6%
mqom_cat1_gf251_fastref73.5%33.0%33.1%
mqom_cat1_gf31_fastref64.6%19.8%19.2%
ov-Ipm4f7.5%0.9%1.1%
ov-Ipref3.0%0.3%0.8%
ov-Ip-pkcm4fspeed6.4%0.9%81.4%
ov-Ip-pkcm4fstack6.4%0.9%81.3%
ov-Ip-pkcref3.0%0.3%79.1%
ov-Ip-pkc-skcm4fspeed6.4%12.5%81.7%
ov-Ip-pkc-skcm4fstack6.4%12.5%81.3%
ov-Ip-pkc-skcref3.0%4.7%79.1%
perk-128-fast-3m463.7%48.5%71.6%
perk-128-fast-3ref58.7%28.4%61.6%
perk-128-fast-5m456.1%47.1%70.5%
perk-128-fast-5ref50.5%27.2%60.2%
perk-128-short-3m463.9%47.7%69.8%
perk-128-short-5m456.2%46.3%68.6%
perk-192-fast-3m469.6%48.8%72.2%
perk-192-fast-5m462.9%48.0%71.3%
perk-192-short-3m469.5%46.9%66.1%
perk-192-short-5m462.9%45.9%64.8%
perk-256-fast-3m471.3%52.0%74.9%
perk-256-fast-5m464.2%51.1%74.0%
perk-256-short-3m471.4%48.8%65.4%
perk-256-short-5m464.0%47.9%64.1%
snova-24-5-16-4-eskref12.2%0.0%3.4%
snova-24-5-16-4-sskref12.2%1.9%3.4%
snova-25-8-16-3-eskref9.6%0.1%8.0%
snova-25-8-16-3-sskref9.7%3.5%8.0%
snova-28-17-16-2-eskref10.6%0.2%28.1%
snova-28-17-16-2-sskref10.6%10.7%28.1%
snova-37-8-16-4-sskref8.8%2.0%3.4%
sphincs-sha2-128f-simpleclean90.8%90.7%90.6%
sphincs-sha2-128s-simpleclean90.8%90.7%90.4%
sphincs-sha2-192f-simpleclean90.2%90.8%90.7%
sphincs-sha2-192s-simpleclean90.3%91.1%91.5%
sphincs-sha2-256f-simpleclean90.2%90.7%90.9%
sphincs-sha2-256s-simpleclean90.2%91.3%91.3%
sphincs-shake-128f-simpleclean97.6%97.6%97.5%
sphincs-shake-128s-simpleclean97.6%97.6%97.5%
sphincs-shake-192f-simpleclean97.5%97.4%97.4%
sphincs-shake-192s-simpleclean97.5%97.4%97.4%
sphincs-shake-256f-simpleclean97.5%97.4%97.4%
sphincs-shake-256s-simpleclean97.5%97.3%97.4%

Size Evaluation

Key Encapsulation Schemes

SchemeImplementation.text [bytes].data [bytes].bss [bytes]Total [bytes]
bikel1m4f181,0882449181,161
bikel1opt34,45124134,476
bikel3m4f198,0342449198,107
bikel3opt43,09124143,116
hqc-128clean18,6280018,628
hqc-192clean21,1040021,104
hqc-256clean26,2600026,260
ml-kem-1024clean6,160006,160
ml-kem-1024m4fspeed16,9160016,916
ml-kem-1024m4fstack14,0160014,016
ml-kem-512clean5,116005,116
ml-kem-512m4fspeed15,8480015,848
ml-kem-512m4fstack13,3280013,328
ml-kem-768clean5,120005,120
ml-kem-768m4fspeed16,0160016,016
ml-kem-768m4fstack13,3200013,320

Signature Schemes

SchemeImplementation.text [bytes].data [bytes].bss [bytes]Total [bytes]
aimer128fm4speed15,9920015,992
aimer128fm4stack16,3920016,392
aimer128fmem_opt17,4760017,476
aimer128fref17,0760017,076
aimer128sm4speed16,7640016,764
aimer128sm4stack16,3680016,368
aimer128smem_opt17,4520017,452
aimer192fm4speed23,5280023,528
aimer192fm4stack23,9560023,956
aimer192fmem_opt25,3840025,384
aimer192fref24,9560024,956
aimer192sm4speed24,2560024,256
aimer192sm4stack23,8600023,860
aimer192smem_opt25,2880025,288
aimer256fm4speed25,5960025,596
aimer256fm4stack26,0960026,096
aimer256fmem_opt27,8040027,804
aimer256fref27,3040027,304
aimer256sm4speed26,3720026,372
aimer256sm4stack25,9280025,928
aimer256smem_opt27,6360027,636
cross-sha2-r-sdp-1-fastref14,244010414,348
cross-sha2-r-sdp-3-fastref14,744012814,872
cross-sha2-r-sdpg-1-fastref18,409010418,513
cross-sha2-r-sdpg-1-smallref18,674010418,778
cross-sha2-r-sdpg-3-fastref19,609012819,737
cross-sha2-r-sdpg-5-fastref18,669015218,821
cross-sha3-r-sdp-1-fastref14,472020814,680
cross-sha3-r-sdp-3-fastref14,884020815,092
cross-sha3-r-sdpg-1-fastref18,605020818,813
cross-sha3-r-sdpg-1-smallref18,846020819,054
cross-sha3-r-sdpg-3-fastref19,689020819,897
cross-sha3-r-sdpg-5-fastref18,593020818,801
fndsa_provisional-1024m4f103,80100103,801
fndsa_provisional-1024ref103,08900103,089
fndsa_provisional-512m4f103,78900103,789
fndsa_provisional-512ref103,07700103,077
haetae2m4f35,7080035,708
haetae2ref25,5680025,568
haetae3m4f35,9360035,936
haetae3ref25,9800025,980
haetae5m4f35,6920035,692
haetae5ref25,6880025,688
hawk1024ref102,03100102,031
hawk256ref102,01500102,015
hawk512ref102,02700102,027
mayo1m4f67,2368167,245
mayo1ref29,98881630,012
mayo2m4f68,3568168,365
mayo2ref27,85281627,876
mayo3m4f97,1688197,177
mayo3ref36,66081636,684
mirith_IIIa_fastref7,72025607,976
mirith_IIIb_fastref7,76025608,016
mirith_Ia_fastref7,61025607,866
mirith_Ib_fastref7,60225607,858
mirith_Va_fastref7,89025608,146
mirith_Vb_fastref7,91425608,170
mirith_hypercube_IIIa_fastref8,96625609,222
mirith_hypercube_IIIa_shortref9,13925609,395
mirith_hypercube_IIIb_fastref9,00225609,258
mirith_hypercube_IIIb_shortref9,15925609,415
mirith_hypercube_Ia_fastopt10,9320010,932
mirith_hypercube_Ia_fastref8,84425609,100
mirith_hypercube_Ia_shortref8,78125609,037
mirith_hypercube_Ib_fastopt10,9080010,908
mirith_hypercube_Ib_fastref8,82025609,076
mirith_hypercube_Ib_shortref8,82525609,081
mirith_hypercube_Va_fastref9,14025609,396
mirith_hypercube_Vb_fastref9,16025609,416
ml-dsa-44clean8,212008,212
ml-dsa-44m4f19,5920019,592
ml-dsa-44m4fstack24,8440024,844
ml-dsa-65clean7,724007,724
ml-dsa-65m4f19,3280019,328
ml-dsa-65m4fstack24,1200024,120
ml-dsa-87clean8,036008,036
ml-dsa-87m4f19,5000019,500
ml-dsa-87m4fstack24,5160024,516
mqom_cat1_gf251_fastref16,8650016,865
mqom_cat1_gf31_fastref23,7180023,718
ov-Ipm4f116,07000116,070
ov-Ipref22,3740022,374
ov-Ip-pkcm4fspeed116,31000116,310
ov-Ip-pkcm4fstack88,5300088,530
ov-Ip-pkcref22,6300022,630
ov-Ip-pkc-skcm4fspeed116,35000116,350
ov-Ip-pkc-skcm4fstack88,5700088,570
ov-Ip-pkc-skcref22,6700022,670
perk-128-fast-3m411,7174011,721
perk-128-fast-3ref11,0534011,057
perk-128-fast-5m411,7094011,713
perk-128-fast-5ref11,1294011,133
perk-128-short-3m424,6054024,609
perk-128-short-5m424,6734024,677
perk-192-fast-3m412,0774012,081
perk-192-fast-5m412,0174012,021
perk-192-short-3m424,0094024,013
perk-192-short-5m424,6494024,653
perk-256-fast-3m412,1294012,133
perk-256-fast-5m412,0414012,045
perk-256-short-3m431,6974031,701
perk-256-short-5m432,6934032,697
snova-24-5-16-4-eskref52,132033652,468
snova-24-5-16-4-sskref52,132033652,468
snova-25-8-16-3-eskref28,240029928,539
snova-25-8-16-3-sskref28,240029928,539
snova-28-17-16-2-eskref16,436028016,716
snova-28-17-16-2-sskref16,436028016,716
snova-37-8-16-4-sskref52,440033652,776
sphincs-sha2-128f-simpleclean4,956004,956
sphincs-sha2-128s-simpleclean5,264005,264
sphincs-sha2-192f-simpleclean5,444005,444
sphincs-sha2-192s-simpleclean5,968005,968
sphincs-sha2-256f-simpleclean5,728005,728
sphincs-sha2-256s-simpleclean6,084006,084
sphincs-shake-128f-simpleclean4,184004,184
sphincs-shake-128s-simpleclean4,492004,492
sphincs-shake-192f-simpleclean4,472004,472
sphincs-shake-192s-simpleclean4,984004,984
sphincs-shake-256f-simpleclean4,720004,720
sphincs-shake-256s-simpleclean5,076005,076