Expression Reference

A complete reference for all expression syntax supported by LineSolv.

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Basic Arithmetic

Standard PEMDAS (Parentheses, Exponents, Multiplication/Division, Addition/Subtraction) with six operators:

Operator	Meaning	Example	Result
+	Addition	5 + 3	8
-	Subtraction	10 - 4	6
*	Multiplication	7 * 3	21
/	Division	20 / 4	5
^	Exponentiation	2 ^ 10	1024
%	Modulo (remainder)	17 % 5	2
×	Multiplication (symbol)	$5 \times 3$	15
÷	Division (symbol)	10 ÷ 2	5

Operator precedence: ^ > * / % > + -. Use parentheses to override.

Input	Result	Note
2 + 3 * 4	14	Multiplication first
(2 + 3) * 4	20	Parentheses override
2^3^2	512	Right-associative: 2^($3^{2}$)

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Natural Language

LineSolv understands conversational English. You can prefix expressions with question words, imperative verbs, or conversational fillers — they are all stripped before evaluation.

Word Numbers

Spell out numbers up to the millions:

Input	Result
one plus one	2
twenty five plus 3	28
one hundred	100
twenty five hundred	25000
twenty five times pi	78.5398

Query Prefixes

These leading phrases are ignored:

Prefix	Example
what is	what is 2+2
what does	what does 10*5 equal
calculate	calculate 15% of 200
can you calculate	can you calculate 2+2
could you find	could you find 5*3
determine	determine $2^{1}$0
do you know	do you know 5+3
figure out	figure out 10 * 5
find the value of	find the value of 2 times 3 plus 4
give me	give me 3 + 7
show me	show me 5 + 3
tell me	tell me 10 + 20
work out	work out 2 + 3
would you solve	would you solve 10+5

Conversational Fillers

These leading words/phrases are also stripped:

hello, hey, hi, alright, approximately, about, exactly, i guess, i think, i want, i would like, i'd like, i need to add, let's calculate, lets, like, maybe, now, ok, okay, perhaps, probably, right, roughly, say, so, well, we need, we want, will you compute

Examples:

Input	Result
hello how much is 5 + 3	8
hey there calculate 6 times 7	42
ok 5+3	8
well 2+2	4

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Fractions

Fraction Words

Input	Result
one half	0.5
one third	0.3333
two thirds	0.6667
one quarter	0.25
three quarters	0.75

Mixed Numbers

Combine whole numbers and fractions:

Input	Result
2 1/2	2.5
3 3/4	3.75
2 1/2 + 1.5	4
3/4	0.75
3/4 + 1/4	1

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Scale / Multiplicative Words

Input	Result	Meaning
double 5	10	5 * 2
twice 10	20	10 * 2
triple 3	9	3 * 3
half of 20	10	20 / 2
quarter of 100	25	100 / 4
half a dozen	6	12 / 2
half a couple	1	2 / 2
half a million	500000	1000000 / 2
half as many as 20	10	20 / 2
half as much as 100	50	100 / 2
quarter as many as 40	10	40 / 4
quarter as much as 20	5	20 / 4

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Power Words

Input	Result	Meaning
5 squared	25	$5^{2}$
3 cubed	27	$3^{3}$
cube 3	27	$3^{3}$
square 5	25	$5^{2}$
square root of 144	12	sqrt(144)
cube root of 27	3	cbrt(27)
the square root of 144	12	sqrt(144)
the cube root of 27	3	cbrt(27)
2 to the power of 3	8	$2^{3}$
5 exponent 3	125	$5^{3}$
5 to the 3	125	$5^{3}$

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Comparison Phrases

Input	Result	Meaning
which is bigger 5 or 6	6	max(5, 6)
which is smaller 10 or 8	8	min(10, 8)
which is larger pi or 5	5	max(pi, 5)
10 increased by 5	15	10 + 5
20 decreased by 7	13	20 - 7
5 more than 10	15	10 + 5
3 less than 8	5	8 - 3
difference between 10 and 3	7	10 - 3
5 added to 10	15	10 + 5
8 fewer 3	5	8 - 3
5 subtract 3	2	5 - 3
10 minus 3	7	10 - 3

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Division Phrases

Input	Result	Meaning
10 over 2	5	10 / 2
9 out of 3	3	9 / 3
ratio of 10 to 2	5	10 / 2
10 divided by 5	2	10 / 5
3 into 15	5	15 / 3
10 split among 2	5	10 / 2
10 split between 2	5	10 / 2
12 shared among 3	4	12 / 3
12 shared between 3	4	12 / 3

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Multiplication Phrases

Input	Result	Meaning
product of 4 and 3	12	4 * 3
sum of 10 and 5	15	10 + 5
5 lots of 3	15	5 * 3
5 times 4	20	5 * 4
3 times as much as 5	15	3 * 5
3 times more than 5	20	5 + 3*5
2 times as many as 10	20	2 * 10
2 times more than 10	30	10 + 2*10
10 times more than 3	33	3 + 10*3
5 along with 3	8	5 + 3
5 combined with 3	8	5 + 3
5 together with 3	8	5 + 3
5 without 3	2	5 - 3

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Natural Function Calls

You can call functions using natural language:

Input	Result
sine of 0	0
cosine of 0	1
tangent of 0	0
absolute value of -5	5
the absolute value of -5	5
natural log of 100	4.6052
ln of 100	4.6052
log of 100	2

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Percentage Relationship Questions

Input	Result
10 is what percent of 50	20%
10 is what % of 50	20%
what percent of 50 is 10	20%
what percentage of 80 is 20	25%
10 as a percentage of 50	20%
50% of what is 25	50
50 percent of what is 25	50
10 out of 50 as a percent	20%
10 out of 50 as a percentage	20%

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Factorial Operator

Input	Result
5!	120
0!	1
3! + 2	8

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Log Base

Input	Result
log base 2 of 8	3
log base 10 of 100	2
log base 10 of 100 + 3 squared	11

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Combinations

Input	Result
5 choose 3	10
10 choose 2	45
5 choose 2 + 3!	16

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How Many Times

Asks how many times one number fits into another:

Input	Result
how many times does 5 go into 20	4
how many times does 3 go in 15	5
how many times does 25 go into 5k	200
how many times does 2 go into 1M	500000
how many 3 are in 15	5
how many 5 in 20	4

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Subtraction with "from"

Input	Result	Meaning
10 from 100	90	100 - 10
5 from 20	15	20 - 5

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Collective Nouns

Input	Result	Value
a couple	2	2
a dozen	12	12
a score	20	20

Combined with scale words:

Input	Result
half a dozen	6
half a couple	1
double a dozen	24

Possessive Plurals

Multiply a number by a collective noun value:

Input	Result	Meaning
3 tens	30	3 * 10
2 hundreds	200	2 * 100
5 thousands	5000	5 * 1000
2 dozens	24	2 * 12
3 scores	60	3 * 20

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Percentages

Input	Result	Meaning
50%	0.5	Percentage as decimal
10% of 200	20	10% * 200
100 + 15%	115	100 + 15% of 100
200 - 10%	180	200 - 10% of 200
10% less than 200	180	200 - 10% of 200
20% more than 100	120	100 + 20% of 100
100 with 8% tax	108	100 + 8% of 100
200 after 10% discount	180	200 - 10% of 200
200 minus 10% discount	180	200 - 10% of 200
40 plus 15% tip	46	40 + 15% of 40
how much is one hundred plus fifty percent	150	100 + 50% of 100
10 per cent of 200	20	Alternative phrasing
10 pct of 200	20	Abbreviated phrasing
50 p.c. of 80	40	Dotted abbreviation

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Ordinal Suffixes

Ordinal suffixes are stripped to the base number:

Input	Result
1st	1
2nd	2
3rd	3
4th	4
1st + 2	3

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SI Notation

Suffixes k (thousand), M (million), and B (billion):

Input	Result
5k	5000
1.5K	1500
3M	3000000
2B	2000000000
2B / 5k	400000

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Date Math

Input	Result
today + 14 days	Date 14 days from now
today - 7 days	Date 7 days ago
March 1 + 30 days	March 31
last month	Previous month
next week	Next week
2 weeks from now	Date 14 days from now
3 months ago	Date 3 months ago

Trailing text after the date expression is ignored:

Input	Result
I completing a book at today + 14 days some story	Date 14 days from now

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Time / Duration

Use compact time notation with h, m, s suffixes:

Input	Result
2h30m	9000 (seconds)
2h30m in minutes	150 minutes
2h + 1h15m	12600 (seconds)

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Geometry

Input	Result
area of triangle with base 5 and height 10	25
volume of cone radius 3 and height 5	47.1239

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Age Calculation

Input	Result
born in 2007	Age since 2007
born 1990	Age since 1990
what is my age	Current age
what is my current age	Current age
i am 25 years old	25
i am twenty five years old	25
i am born in 2007 show me my current age	Current age
my age is 30	30
25 yrs of age	25
40 years old	40

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Purchase Math

LineSolv handles shopping calculations with items, discounts, and tax.

Basic

Input	Result
5 items at \$20 each	$100.00

With Discount

Input	Result
5 items at \$20 each with a 15% discount	$85.00

With Discount and Tax

Input	Result
5 items at \$20 each with a 15% discount and 8% sales tax	$91.80

Natural Language

Input	Result
what is the total cost of 5 items at \$20 each with a 15% discount and 8% sales tax added on top	Calculation result
I bought 8 items at \$5 each with a 10% discount and 6% sales tax. What's the final price?	$40.76
I got 25 hours of freelance work at \$37 per hour. What did I earn?	$925.00
That \$200 jacket I've been eyeing is 25% off. What's the sale price?	$150.00

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Currency Conversion

LineSolv supports 50+ currencies with live exchange rates. Use currency symbols or ISO codes:

Symbol/Code	Currency	Symbol/Code	Currency
$ / USD	US Dollar	EUR / euro / euros	Euro
GBP / sterling	British Pound	JPY / yen	Japanese Yen
CNY / yuan	Chinese Yuan	INR / rupee / rupees	Indian Rupee
CAD	Canadian Dollar	AUD	Australian Dollar
CHF	Swiss Franc	KRW / won	South Korean Won
RUB / ruble / rubles	Russian Ruble	ILS / shekel / shekels	Israeli Shekel
VND / dong	Vietnamese Dong	PHP / peso / pesos	Philippine Peso
UAH / hryvnia	Ukrainian Hryvnia	KZT / tenge	Kazakh Tenge
PYG / guarani	Paraguayan Guarani	GHS / cedi	Ghanaian Cedi
TRY / lira	Turkish Lira	AZN / manat	Azerbaijani Manat
GEL / lari	Georgian Lari	BTC / bitcoin	Bitcoin
THB / baht	Thai Baht	HKD	Hong Kong Dollar
SGD	Singapore Dollar	MXN	Mexican Peso
ZAR / rand	South African Rand	NZD	New Zealand Dollar
SEK / krona	Swedish Krona	NOK	Norwegian Krone
PLN / zloty	Polish Zloty	BRL	Brazilian Real
BDT / taka	Bangladeshi Taka	PKR	Pakistani Rupee
LKR	Sri Lankan Rupee	NPR	Nepalese Rupee
MYR / ringgit	Malaysian Ringgit	IDR / rupiah	Indonesian Rupiah
TWD / ntd	Taiwan Dollar	SAR / riyal	Saudi Riyal
AED / dirham	UAE Dirham	KWD / dinar	Kuwaiti Dinar
EGP	Egyptian Pound	NGN / naira	Nigerian Naira
COP	Colombian Peso	CLP	Chilean Peso
ARS	Argentine Peso	PEN / sol	Peruvian Sol
MAD	Moroccan Dirham	XAU / gold	Gold (troy oz)
XAG / silver	Silver (troy oz)

Currency examples:

Input	Result
$100 + €20	$122.80
$20 in euro - 5% discount	€18.26
€5	$5.70
£20 in usd	$26.60
$1.5	$1.50

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Unit Conversion

Convert between units using in or to:

Input	Result
10 inches in cm	25.4 cm
1 kg in lb	2.205 lb
100 c to f	212.0 °F
1 gal in l	3.785 l
convert 10 inches to cm	25.4 cm
convert 100 km to miles	62.14 mi
change 100 c to f	212.0 °F

Complete Unit Table

Category	Units	Aliases
Length	mm, cm, m, km, in, ft, yd, mi	millimeter(s), centimeter(s), meter(s), kilometer(s), inch(es), foot/feet, yard(s), mile(s)
Mass	g, kg, lb, oz	gram(s), kilogram(s), pound(s), ounce(s)
Volume	ml, l, gal, qt, cup	milliliter(s), liter(s), gallon(s), quart(s), cups
Temperature	c, f	celsius, fahrenheit
Time	s, min, h, day	second(s), minute(s), hour(s), day(s)

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Variables

Assign variables and reference them in later expressions:

Input	Result
x = 42	x = 42
x * 2	84
y = x + 8	y = 50
y / 2	25
x * pi	131.947

Variable names are case-insensitive. You can use any alphanumeric name (no spaces, must start with a letter).

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Context References

After evaluating an expression, you can reference the result:

Input	Result
42	42
of that * 2	84
then + 10	94
result / 2	47

Special context keywords:

Keyword	Meaning
of that	Previous result
then	Previous result
result	Previous result
that	Previous result
last	Previous result
last result	Previous result
previous	Previous result
previous result	Previous result
prior	Previous result
prior result	Previous result
last answer	Previous result

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Math Functions

All 40+ built-in functions:

Category	Function	Args	Description	Example	Result
Trigonometry	sin(x)	1	Sine (radians)	sin(pi/4)	0.7071
	cos(x)	1	Cosine (radians)	cos(0)	1
	tan(x)	1	Tangent (radians)	tan(0)	0
	asin(x)	1	Arcsine (radians)	asin(1)	1.5708
	acos(x)	1	Arccosine (radians)	acos(1)	0
	atan(x)	1	Arctangent (radians)	atan(0)	0
	atan2(y, x)	2	2-argument arctangent	atan2(1, 1)	0.7854
Hyperbolic	sinh(x)	1	Hyperbolic sine	sinh(0)	0
	cosh(x)	1	Hyperbolic cosine	cosh(0)	1
	tanh(x)	1	Hyperbolic tangent	tanh(0)	0
Logarithmic	log(x) / ln(x)	1	Natural logarithm	ln(100)	4.6052
	log2(x)	1	Base-2 logarithm	log2(8)	3
	log10(x)	1	Base-10 logarithm	log10(100)	2
	exp(x)	1	e^x	exp(1)	2.7183
Roots & Power	sqrt(x)	1	Square root	sqrt(144)	12
	cbrt(x)	1	Cube root	cbrt(27)	3
	pow(a, b)	2	a raised to b	pow(2, 3)	8
Rounding	round(x)	1	Round to nearest integer	round(3.7)	4
	ceil(x)	1	Round up	ceil(3.2)	4
	floor(x)	1	Round down	floor(3.7)	3
	trunc(x)	1	Truncate decimal	trunc(3.7)	3
	sign(x) / sgn(x)	1	Sign: -1, 0, or 1	sign(-3)	-1
Absolute	abs(x)	1	Absolute value	abs(-5)	5
Statistics	avg(n, ...)	1+	Arithmetic mean	avg(1, 2, 3)	2
	median(n, ...)	1+	Median value	median(1, 2, 3)	2
	mode(n, ...)	1+	Most frequent value	mode(1, 1, 2)	1
	stdev(n, ...) / stddev(n, ...)	2+	Population standard deviation	stdev(10, 20, 30)	8.1650
	variance(n, ...) / var(n, ...)	2+	Population variance	variance(10, 20, 30)	66.6667
	range(n, ...)	1+	max minus min	range(1, 5, 3)	4
Aggregation	sum(n, ...)	1+	Sum of all arguments	sum(1, 2, 3)	6
	min(n, ...)	1+	Smallest value	min(1, 2, 3)	1
	max(n, ...)	1+	Largest value	max(1, 2, 3)	3
Combinatorics	fact(x) / factorial(x)	1	Factorial (max 20)	fact(5)	120
	gcd(a, b)	2	Greatest common divisor	gcd(12, 8)	4
	lcm(a, b)	2	Least common multiple	lcm(4, 6)	12
	ncr(n, r) / choose(n, r)	2	Combinations (n choose r)	ncr(5, 3)	10
Random	rand()	0-2	Random number (0-1, 0-max, or min-max)	rand()	0.7234
	random(x)	0-2	Alias for rand	random(10)	7.2341
Geometry	hypot(a, b) / pythag(a, b) / hypotenuse(a, b)	2	sqrt(a^2 + b^2)	hypot(3, 4)	5
Utility	fract(x)	1	Fractional part	fract(3.7)	0.7
	deg(x)	1	Radians to degrees	deg(pi)	180
	rad(x)	1	Degrees to radians	rad(180)	3.1416
Number Theory	isprime(x) / is_prime(x)	1	1 if prime, 0 otherwise	isprime(7)	1

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Constants

Constant	Aliases	Value
pi	π	3.141592653589793
e		2.718281828459045
speed_of_light	lightspeed, c_light	299792458
gravity	g_force	9.80665
planck	planck_constant	6.62607015e-34
boltzmann	boltzmann_constant	1.380649e-23
gas_constant	gasconstant	8.314462618
avogadro	avogadro_constant	6.02214076e23
stefan_boltzmann	stefanboltzmann	5.670367e-8
electron_mass	me	9.10938356e-31
proton_mass	mp	1.67262192369e-27
neutron_mass	mn	1.67492749804e-27
electron_charge	e_charge	1.602176634e-19
bohr_radius	bohrradius	5.29177210903e-11
rydberg	rydberg_constant	10973731.568160

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Combining Patterns

Mix multiple patterns in a single expression:

Input	Result
$100 + €20	$122.80
2B / 5k	400000
a dozen + 3 scores	72
how many times does 25 go into 5k	200
5 choose 2 + 3!	16
log base 10 of 100 + 3 squared	11
double a dozen	24
3 tens from 5 hundreds	470
2h30m in minutes	150 minutes
10 inches in cm	25.4 cm