What is this?

The development of robotics is always closely related to mathematics. However, pure mathematical expressions can sometimes be boring and difficult to understand. This project aims to show the magic of mathematics through interesting robotics demonstrations.

The goals of our project.

We aim to select widely used and practical algorithms. For each algorithm, we strive to:

• Provide a readable Python implementation.
• Show a detailed mathematical proof.
• Minimize the use of third-party libraries to reveal the underlying mathematics.

Install

1. Install libsuitesparse-dev if you want to use the sparse solver.

sudo apt-get install -y libsuitesparse-dev

2. Install mathR (this repository):

git clone https://github.com/scomup/MathematicalRobotics.git
cd MathematicalRobotics
pip3 install -e .

Alternatively, install mathR directly from the git URL:

pip install -e git+https://github.com/scomup/MathematicalRobotics.git#egg=mathR

Demo Lists

gauss_newton_method

The Gauss-Newton method is a numerical optimization technique that is especially effective for solving non-linear least squares problems. We have implemented a pure Python library for this method.

Documentation Links:

• Gauss-Newton Method Document
• Newton Method Document

We also provide some demos on Lie-group-based point matching using our library.

Lie Group Documentation Links:

• SO3 group
• SE3 group

Gauss-Newton for 2D points matching

python3 -m mathR.gauss_newton_method.demo_2d

Gauss-Newton for 3D points matching

python3 -m mathR.gauss_newton_method.demo_3d

Gauss-Newton for linear regression

python3 -m mathR.gauss_newton_method.demo_line

Graph Optimization

We have developed a graph optimization library implemented in pure Python. Compared to well-known graph optimization libraries like g2o, gtsam, or ceres, our implementation is highly readable and ideal for studying purposes.

Graph Optimization Document

2D pose graph problem

This demo solves a 2D point matching problem using the Gauss-Newton method.

python3 -m mathR.graph_optimization.demo_g2o_se2

Dataset: sphere2500.g2o ¹

3D pose graph problem

This demo showcases the application of Gauss-Newton in 3D point matching problems.

python3 -m mathR.graph_optimization.demo_g2o_se3

Dataset: manhattanOlson3500.g2o ¹

Gauss-Newton for Linear Regression

This demo illustrates how the Gauss-Newton method can be applied to solve a simple linear regression problem

python3 -m mathR.gauss_newton_method.demo_line

Filters

Filtering techniques, such as the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) and Particle Filter (PF), are essential tools in robotics for state estimation in the presence of noise and uncertainty.

Documentation Links:

• Filter and EKF

Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) Demo

This demo illustrates how the EKF can be used for GPS and odometry fuse problem.

python3 -m mathR.filter.demo_ekf

Particle Filter (PF) Demo

This demo illustrates how the PF can be used for GPS and odometry fuse problem.

python3 -m mathR.filter.demo_pf

Bundle Adjustment

python3 -m mathR.slam.demo_bundle_adjustment

Dataset: Venice: problem-427-310384-pre ²

geometry

Point-to-Line ICP

python3 -m mathR.robot_geometry.demo_p2line_matching

Point-to-Plane ICP

python3 -m mathR.robot_geometry.demo_p2plane_matching

Plane Crossing a Cube

python3 -m mathR.robot_geometry.demo_plane_cross_cube

Footnotes

1. Datasets are available in the open-source package Vertigo. ↩ ↩²

2. The datasets used in the demo are available in the project Bundle Adjustment in the Large. ↩