Trailing Slash Guide

Have trailing slash problems after deploying a static website in production?

This repo explains factually the behavior of:

• Static Site generators
• Hosting Providers

We also suggest some possible solutions

Intro

Let's get more familiar with trailing slash issues.

Common problems:

• SEO/perf issues: when browsing /myPath, your host redirects to /myPath/
• 404 issues: relative link such as <a href="otherPath"> are resolved differently (/otherPath or /myPath/otherPath depending on the presence/absence of a trailing slash
• UX issues: your host adds a trailing slash, and later your single-page-application frontend router removes it, leading to a confusing experience and flickering url

Causes:

• static site generators can emit different files for the same path /myPath: /myPath.html or /myPath/index.html (the later can lead to an additional trailing slash)
• host providers all have a different behavior when serving static files, there is no standard

Summary

Considering this static site:

static
│
├── file.html
│
├── folder
│   └── index.html
│
├── both.html
└── both
    └── index.html

Behavior of various static hosting providers:

Host	Settings	Url	/file	/file/	/file.html	/folder	/folder/	/folder/index.html	/both	/both/	/both.html	/both/index.html
GitHub Pages		link	✅	💢 404	✅	➡️ /folder/	✅	✅	✅	✅	✅	✅
Netlify	Default: Pretty Urls on	link	✅	➡️ /file	✅	➡️ /folder/	✅	✅	✅	➡️ /both	✅	✅
Netlify	Pretty Urls off	link	✅	✅	✅	✅	✅	✅	✅	✅	✅	✅
Vercel	Default: cleanUrls=false trailingSlash=undefined	link	💢 404	💢 404	✅	✅	✅	✅	✅	✅	✅	✅
Vercel	cleanUrls=false trailingSlash=false	link	💢 404	💢 404	✅	✅	➡️ /folder	✅	✅	➡️ /both	✅	✅
Vercel	cleanUrls=false trailingSlash=true	link	💢 404	💢 404	✅	➡️ /folder/	✅	✅	➡️ /both/	✅	✅	✅
Vercel	cleanUrls=true trailingSlash=undefined	link	✅	✅	➡️ /file	✅	✅	➡️ /folder	✅	✅	➡️ /both	➡️ /both
Vercel	cleanUrls=true trailingSlash=false	link	✅	➡️ /file	➡️ /file	✅	➡️ /folder	➡️ /folder	✅	➡️ /both	➡️ /both	➡️ /both
Vercel	cleanUrls=true trailingSlash=true	link	➡️ /file/	✅	➡️ /file/	➡️ /folder/	✅	➡️ /folder/	➡️ /both/	✅	➡️ /both/	➡️ /both/
Cloudflare Pages		link	✅	➡️ /file	➡️ /file	➡️ /folder/	✅	➡️ /folder/	✅	✅	➡️ /both	➡️ /both/
Render		link	✅	✅	✅	✅	✅	✅	✅	✅	✅	✅
Azure Static Web Apps		link	✅	➡️ /file	✅	✅	✅	✅	✅	✅	✅	✅

Help Wanted

Let's keep this resource up-to-date, and make it exhaustive together.