Deployment

Hermes is designed to be simple to deploy. It is a single process with no external dependencies beyond a filesystem. The database is just files on disk — no database server, no write-ahead log, no coordination.

Docker

FROM eclipse-temurin:21-jre-alpine
COPY hermes.jar /app/hermes.jar
ENTRYPOINT ["java", "-jar", "/app/hermes.jar"]
CMD ["--db", "/data/snomed.db", "serve"]

docker run -v /path/to/snomed.db:/data/snomed.db:ro -p 8080:8080 hermes

Note the :ro — the database volume can be mounted read-only.

Use --bind-address 0.0.0.0 when running in a container to accept connections from outside:

docker run -v /path/to/snomed.db:/data/snomed.db:ro -p 8080:8080 hermes \
  --db /data/snomed.db --bind-address 0.0.0.0 serve

See hermes-docker for example configurations.

Horizontal scaling

Multiple hermes instances can share the same database directory. LMDB uses memory-mapped files — the operating system's page cache is shared across processes, so additional instances add minimal memory overhead.

hermes --db snomed.db --port 8080 serve &
hermes --db snomed.db --port 8081 serve &
hermes --db snomed.db --port 8082 serve &

Put a load balancer (nginx, HAProxy, an API gateway) in front and you have a horizontally scaled deployment. Each instance is stateless and disposable.

Updating

Build a new database from the latest release:

hermes --progress --db snomed-2024-07.db \
  install --dist uk.nhs/sct-monolith --api-key trud-api-key.txt --cache-dir /tmp/trud \
  index compact

Deploy the new database and switch traffic at the load balancer. Keep old databases around for reproducibility and rollback.

Automation

Hermes is straightforward to automate. The project's own GitHub Actions workflows download a distribution, build a database and run the full test suite — all in a single pipeline:

• Test-ar-live — Argentina edition via MLDS
• Test-intl-live — International edition via MLDS
• Test-uk-live — UK edition via TRUD

Database compatibility

Hermes uses versions of form major.minor.commit. A database created by one major.minor version can be read by any other version with the same major.minor. For example, a database from v1.4.1265 works with v1.4.1320, but not with v1.3.1262.

When backwards compatibility would lead to confusing or inconsistent behaviour (e.g. a search index format change that would cause different results depending on which database was used), the minor version is bumped even for small changes.

CORS

Configure cross-origin access for browser-based clients:

hermes --db snomed.db serve --allowed-origins "*"
hermes --db snomed.db serve --allowed-origins "app.example.com,admin.example.com"
hermes --db snomed.db serve --allowed-origin app.example.com --allowed-origin admin.example.com

FHIR

For HL7 FHIR R4 terminology operations ($expand,$validate-code, $lookup,$subsumes), use hades which provides a FHIR facade over the same hermes database.