MAS Quick Reference

April 27, 2026 · View on GitHub

Informative. This document is a usage guide; it does not add normative requirements to the specification. For the normative units table see units.md; for the mapping of MAS to existing standards (IEC, ASTM, MPIF, JIS, NEMA, IEV vocabulary) see normative-references.md.

Minimal Inductor

{
  "inputs": {
    "designRequirements": {
      "magnetizingInductance": {"nominal": 100e-6},
      "turnsRatios": [],
      "topology": "Buck Converter"
    },
    "operatingPoints": [{
      "conditions": {"ambientTemperature": 25},
      "excitationsPerWinding": [{
        "frequency": 100000,
        "current": {"processed": {"label": "Triangular", "peakToPeak": 1.0, "offset": 5.0, "dutyCycle": 0.5}},
        "voltage": {"processed": {"label": "Rectangular", "peakToPeak": 12.0, "offset": 0, "dutyCycle": 0.5}}
      }]
    }]
  },
  "magnetic": {
    "core": {"functionalDescription": {"type": "two-piece set", "material": "N97", "shape": "E 42/21/15", "gapping": [{"type": "subtractive", "length": 0.001}], "numberStacks": 1}},
    "coil": {"bobbin": "E 42/21/15", "functionalDescription": [{"name": "Primary", "numberTurns": 20, "numberParallels": 1, "isolationSide": "primary", "wire": "Round 1.0 - Grade 1"}]}
  },
  "outputs": []
}

Minimal Transformer (2 windings)

{
  "inputs": {
    "designRequirements": {
      "magnetizingInductance": {"nominal": 500e-6},
      "turnsRatios": [{"nominal": 0.1}],
      "topology": "Flyback Converter"
    },
    "operatingPoints": [{
      "conditions": {"ambientTemperature": 25},
      "excitationsPerWinding": [
        {"name": "Primary", "frequency": 100000, "current": {"processed": {"label": "Triangular", "peakToPeak": 1.0, "offset": 0.5, "dutyCycle": 0.4}}, "voltage": {"processed": {"label": "Rectangular", "peakToPeak": 325, "offset": 0, "dutyCycle": 0.4}}},
        {"name": "Secondary", "frequency": 100000, "current": {"processed": {"label": "Triangular", "peakToPeak": 10.0, "offset": 5.0, "dutyCycle": 0.6}}, "voltage": {"processed": {"label": "Rectangular", "peakToPeak": 24, "offset": 0, "dutyCycle": 0.6}}}
      ]
    }]
  },
  "magnetic": {
    "core": {"functionalDescription": {"type": "two-piece set", "material": "N97", "shape": "ETD 34/17/11", "gapping": [{"type": "subtractive", "length": 0.0005}], "numberStacks": 1}},
    "coil": {"bobbin": "ETD 34/17/11", "functionalDescription": [
      {"name": "Primary", "numberTurns": 50, "numberParallels": 1, "wire": "Litz 20x0.1 - Grade 1", "isolationSide": "primary"},
      {"name": "Secondary", "numberTurns": 5, "numberParallels": 2, "wire": "Litz 100x0.1 - Grade 1", "isolationSide": "secondary"}
    ]}
  },
  "outputs": []
}

Core Shapes (exact names required)

Family	Examples
E	`"E 19/8/5"`, `"E 42/21/15"`, `"E 55/28/21"`, `"E 65/32/27"`
ETD	`"ETD 29/16/10"`, `"ETD 34/17/11"`, `"ETD 49/25/16"`
EFD	`"EFD 15/8/5"`, `"EFD 20/10/7"`, `"EFD 25/13/9"`
PQ	`"PQ 20/16"`, `"PQ 26/25"`, `"PQ 35/35"`, `"PQ 40/40"`
RM	`"RM 6"`, `"RM 8"`, `"RM 10"`, `"RM 12"`, `"RM 14"`
Toroid	`"T 20/10/7"`, `"T 40/24/16"`, `"T 58/41/18"`
EP	`"EP 7"`, `"EP 10"`, `"EP 13"`, `"EP 17"`
ER	`"ER 9.5/5"`, `"ER 14.5/6"`, `"ER 25/10.5"`

Core Materials

Manufacturer	Low Loss HF	General	High Flux
TDK/EPCOS	`"N49"`, `"N97"`	`"N87"`, `"N95"`	-
Ferroxcube	`"3C97"`, `"3F46"`	`"3C90"`, `"3C95"`	-
Magnetics	-	-	`"MPP"`, `"High Flux"`, `"XFlux"`
Micrometals	-	-	`"Mix 26"`, `"Mix 52"`

Gapping

// Ungapped (toroid, powder core)
"gapping": []

// Single gap in center leg (E core)
"gapping": [
  {"type": "subtractive", "length": 0.001},
  {"type": "residual", "length": 0.00001},
  {"type": "residual", "length": 0.00001}
]

// Spacer gap
"gapping": [{"type": "additive", "length": 0.002}]

Wire Types

Type	Format	Example
Round	`Round <diameter_mm> - Grade <1-3>`	`"Round 1.0 - Grade 1"`
Litz	`Litz <strands>x<strand_dia_mm> - Grade <1-3>`	`"Litz 40x0.1 - Grade 1"`
Rectangular	`Rectangular <width>x<height> - Grade <1-3>`	`"Rectangular 2.0x0.5 - Grade 1"`
Foil	`Foil <thickness_mm>`	`"Foil 0.1"`

Waveforms

Label	Use Case
`Triangular`	Inductor current, magnetizing current
`Rectangular`	Inductor voltage, transformer primary
`Sinusoidal`	LLC, resonant, AC applications
`Flyback Primary`	Flyback primary current
`Flyback Secondary`	Flyback secondary current

Processed Waveform

{
  "processed": {
    "label": "Triangular",
    "peakToPeak": 2.0,      // Peak-to-peak amplitude (A or V)
    "offset": 10.0,         // DC offset (A or V)
    "dutyCycle": 0.5        // 0.0 to 1.0
  }
}

Topologies

Buck Converter, Boost Converter, Inverting Buck-Boost Converter
Flyback Converter, Active Clamp Forward Converter, Single Switch Forward Converter, Two Switch Forward Converter
Push-Pull Converter, Half-Bridge Converter, Full-Bridge Converter
Isolated Buck Converter, Isolated Buck-Boost Converter
Current Transformer

Units (SI)

Quantity	Unit	Example
Inductance	H	`100e-6` = 100 µH
Frequency	Hz	`100000` = 100 kHz
Length/Gap	m	`0.001` = 1 mm
Temperature	°C	`40` = 40°C
Current	A	`10.0` = 10 A
Voltage	V	`400` = 400 V

Dimension With Tolerance

// Just nominal
{"nominal": 100e-6}

// With limits
{"nominal": 100e-6, "minimum": 90e-6, "maximum": 110e-6}

// Just limits
{"minimum": 90e-6, "maximum": 110e-6}